An attempt has been made to establish some general relationships between crease recovery and variables of fabric construction by an investigation of 174 systematically varied Fortisan filament fabrics. Crease recovery is generally improved by open construction, i.e., for any one fabric weight, by employment of high yarn denier and wide yarn spacing, and of open weave, i.e., one with long floats. In the case of asymmetrical weaves (e.g., 2/1 or 5/1 twills) the crease recovery is higher when measured with the longer float outside the crease. In general, little effect on crease recovery was found if the yarn properties were varied only in the filling direction.
The stress-strain properties of 135 systematically varied Fortisan filament fabrics were investigated before and after coating with rubber and after controlled flexing of the coated fabrics. In the uncoated fabrics, the highest tenacity was attained in a wide range of fabrics which were neither too dense nor too sleazy and which had few yarns of relatively high denier rather than many low denier yarns per inch. The structural tenacity (breaking load of the coated fabrics in the warp or filling direction divided by the weight of the uncoated warp or filling) of the coated fabrics followed roughly the same pattern, but was more sensitive to sleaziness. The range of coated fabrics which retained comparatively high structural tenacity after flexing was limited to those woven with the lowest denier yarns with a combination of a high number of yarns per inch and a rather open weave (2/2, 4/2, 5/1, or 4/4 twill ) or a lower number of yarns per inch and a denser weave, such as 2/1 twill or 4 shaft sateen.
Cotton, rayon, nylon, and steel have been used to make satisfactory tires. These four fibers vary widely in appearance and characteristics. They were used successfully in spite of these differences where many other fibers were inadequate. The most critical factors are cost per pound per unit of strength as built in the tire and fatigue life for reversing loads at operational temperatures. New fibers should have enough of the basic requirements, a feature quality for some needed and spectacular performance, and a price such that our customers will buy our tires.
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