El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los valores hematológicos de reproductores de Brycon amazonicus bajo cultivo en Iquitos, Perú. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 12 ejemplares (1.62 ± 0.45 kg y 51.38 ± 2.93 cm) mantenidos en estanques de tierra y alimentados dos veces al día con una dieta comercial extruida al 22% de proteína bruta. Los peces fueron colectados con una red y anestesiados con eugenol. La extracción de sangre se realizó con jeringas descartables conteniendo EDTA (10%). Los valores obtenidos de la serie eritrocítica fueron: hematocrito 53.3 ± 4.8%; hemoglobina 20.1 ± 3.2 g/dl; eritrocitos 2.8 ± 0.5 x106/μl; VCM 194.4 ± 54.4 fl; CHCM 37.7 ± 4.8 g/dl; HCM 72.6 ± 17.7 pg. El número de leucocitos fue de 8.1 ± 6.0 x103/μl. En el recuento diferencial de leucocitos, los linfocitos y monocitos fueron las células de mayor proporción en comparación con los neutrófilos, eosinófilos y basófilos. La proteína total sérica fue de 3.7 ± 0.4 g/dl y la glucosa de 60.2 ± 39.1 mg/dl. Los valores encontrados para B. amazonicus fueron comparados con otras especies del género Bryconmostrando algunas variaciones, pero dentro del rango reportado para peces teleósteos.
– The authors describe a case of voluminous multilocular cysts of the left kidney in a 41-year-old woman. Potter's dysplatic, Friedman's congenital, Arey's hamartomatose theories have all been put forward regarding the histopathogenesis of this disease. The lack of renal tissue in the septa, the presence of non-communicating compartments containing liquid and the normality of the surrounding parenchyma distinguish this pathology from other cystic lesions of the kidney. Although imaging techniques show the presence of renal lesions, they are not pathognomonic for multilocular renal cysts. The patient underwent left nephrectomy and the histological exam confirmed the diagnosis.
A case of sarcomatoid bladder carcinoma, which had infiltrated the posterior wall and the trigone in an 81-year-old patient is described. The histological results showed a double component (mesenchymal and epithelial) with transition areas between the two and a positivity for HCG, but no typical morphological pattern of choriocarcinoma. The patient underwent radical cystectomy with urinary diversion.
– Fournier's disease is an acute pathologic process of cellulitis and necrotising fascitis involving the male genitals with a mortality of 30–50%. The main causes are periurethral and perirectal infections, immuno-depressive syndromes, diabetes mellitus and traumas. Mixed types of infections involve aerobic and anaerobic germs, the latter being responsible for the necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue. Therapy is synergic and multi-disciplinary, antibiotic with radical and reconstructive surgery.
Leiomyomas are an uncommon form of benign tumour composed exclusively or mostly of smooth muscle. They may involve any part of the genito-urinary apparatus, but are found most frequently in the renal capsule. The authors report the case of a leiomuscular type prostatic tumour with atypia making it impossible to define a malignant state with any certainty. It is emphasised that only the histological examination can decide since observation and instrumental examinations are not sufficient for diagnosis.
Renal ultrasound is not a functional type of examination, which means it cannot be used to determine the degree of obstruction of the upper urinary tract, for which more or less invasive exams such as Whitaker's test, renogram and/or urography must be perfomed. Dynamic ultrasound with furosemide test gives information on the morphology and also the degree of obstruction and is extremely useful in the pre and post-operative assessment of patients with upper urinary tract pathologies. A total of 72 renoureteral units in 39 patients were studied. Patients with a normal “dynamic” ultrasound picture were excluded, while the others were also studied with renogram and/or urography. Data analysis shows dynamics ultrasound reliability is on a par with that of the above-mentioned invasive methods (88–95%). Given the simplicity of use and its availability in all hospital structures, it is therefore considered that dynamic ultrasound should be used immediately in studying obstructions of the upper urinary tracts.
– An inflammatory pseudoneoplasm of the bladder is an uncommon benign lesion. The case described involves a 46-year-old man with macrohematuria. Diagnosis from the ultrasound image tended towards urothelioma, while endoscopy showed a lesion with indefinite characteristics. The histological exam finally allowed correct diagnosis, showing the benign nature of the disease.
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