The establishment and maintenance of nematode feeding sites and subsequent nematode development are associated with significant changes in expression level of both plant and nematode genes. Analysis of the changes in transcript abundance during feeding site establishment and function provides insight into the complexity of plant-nematode interactions and may lead to the discovery of novel strategies for managing nematodes. Early techniques of gene discovery had identified a small cadre of genes induced in the plant host or invading nematode. More recently, the adoption of high-throughput gene expression tools such as microarrays has allowed the identification of hundreds of both plant and nematode genes that are regulated over the course of nematode infestation. Initially, microarray studies were used to examine gene expression in whole infested roots or nematode feeding site-enriched tissues. More recently, the combination of laser-assisted microdissection of nematode feeding sites and subsequent transcriptomic analyses using microarrays has provided an unprecedented view of gene expression within the feeding site itself. This chapter is intended to present a broad overview of the knowledge gained to date about techniques that have been used to identify differentially regulated genes of both plant and nematode during the plant-nematode interaction and recent methodological improvements crucial for future studies.
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