Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are a risk factor for mental health disorders and serious somatic illnesses. There is a need for preventing ACE and using mental health care by youth who experienced them. Aims of this study were to examine which ACE are related to mental health service use and to identify a scope of unrecognized needs for these services among students who had experienced abuse/neglect in childhood. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 2.381 first-year students from six universities in Serbia in 2014. The survey instrument was a questionnaire developed by WHO and CDC. Thirteen ACE (covering household dysfunctionalities, abuse, neglect, peer and collective violence) and using of mental health services at least once during lifetime were assessed. Data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Compared to respondents without particular ACE, odds (±95% CI) of mental health service use were higher only in those with next adversities: parental divorce, OR = 2,26 (1,53-3,33); suicidal/mentally ill family member, OR = 2,21 (1,42-3,44); witnessing partner violence, OR = 1,51 (1,04-2,18); peer violence, OR = 2,14 (1,51-3,03); collective violence OR = 1,48 (1,05- 2,10). Among respondents who had experienced emotional neglect, 81% have never used professional help. For physical neglect, physical and psychological abuse this percentage was 83%. Conclusions The study highlights ACE associated with mental health service use and shows a significant presence of unrecognized needs for these services. There is need for: determining barriers in this area and formulation of effective health promotion strategies; more consistent application of legislation; conducting screening on child abuse/neglect in families with a higher risk for them. Key messages High share of youth with childhood adversities remains without help of mental health specialists.It opens the issue of barriers on the side of youth as well as on the side of health system and society Considering consequences of adverse childhood experiences, there is need for comprehensive public health interventions in order to increase mental health service use among young people with ACE.
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major global public health threats that may lead to severe illness, hospital admissions, treatment failure and increasing of the health care costs. In order to address those challenges, the aims of this study were to examine the antibiotics consumption among the population of health care consumers in the Institute of Public Health of Belgrade, and their knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics compared to the inhabitants of EU and Japan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 321 respondents who visited the Institute of Public Health of Belgrade in July 2021. The basic survey instrument was a Eurobarometer questionnaire (with the permission of the Directorate General for Communication European Commission). The obtained data were analyzed by methods of descriptive statistics, which included frequency distribution with percentages. In addition, the Chi-square test was used to examine the difference in frequencies. Results More than half of all respondents used antibiotics in the previous 12 months (56.6%), majority of them with a doctor's prescription and 57.1% did some pre-testing (blood or urine test, swab) before or at the same time as using antibiotics. They used antibiotics most often for urinary infections (9,3%) and common cold (8,1%). We discovered that the knowledge of our respondents is somewhere in between comparing to the knowledge of the people from EU and Japan. 37.4% of our respondents knew that antibiotics are ineffective against cold and flu; 68.9% knew that unnecessary use of antibiotics makes them ineffective; 55.9% knew that taking antibiotics often leads to side effects such as diarrhea and 50.7% knew that antibiotics don't kill viruses. Conclusions Knowledge about the antibiotics is insufficient and interventions of education, better informing and awareness of general public are necessary to encourage rational use of antibiotics. Key messages • It is important to take evidence based interventions to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics. • This is the first study about antibiotics in Serbia which used the Eurobarometer model of research.
Issue Development of public health plan for the City of Belgrade, facilitate multisectoral participation and encourage local government to incorporate public health planning into integrated planning framework, including funding. Description of the Problem According to Public Health Low, adopted in Serbia in 2016 and Public health strategy (2018), Council for Health, as a professional body of the City government, was obliged to prepare draft of the Plan. Members of the City Council are representatives from different sectors: health care, public health, private sector, child care, education and civil society. Based on data and information from relevant institutions and organizations, situation analysis and health profile of the City have been prepared during 2018. Results Public health plan for the City of Belgrade has been drafted for a time period from 2020 to 2026, aligned and within time frame of the National public health strategy. Plan included: mission, vision, objectives, activities, responsible institutions, funding sources and indicators for monitoring. Focus was on health promotion and empowerment of citizens to adopt healthy lifestyle as well on investment in environmental sustainability, poverty and inequalities reduction and minimizing risks to human health and well-being. On December 2019, Belgrade City Assembly adopted this document, with full responsibility for implementation and budgeting specific programs and projects from 2020. Lessons Multisectoral working group, with clear defined scope of work, supported by regulations, encouraged and managed by experts in the field, highly motivated to be creator of changes is prerequisite for successful and productive public health planning process. Key messages Public health planning enabled communication and cooperation among experts and decision makers and represented a whole-of-local government approach to public health. Document is used as a resource and model for the other cities and municipalities.
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