Objective:
The object of the study was to examine the major pharmacokinetic parameters after a single application of a complex drug preparation for veterinary use based on fipronil, praziquantel, moxidectin, and pyriproxyfen in cats and dogs.
Materials and Methods:
For dogs, the drug preparation was administered spot-on solution in the following dosage of active pharmaceutical substances: fipronil 27.0 mg/kg body weight (bwt), praziquantel 10.8 mg/kg bwt, moxidectin 6.75 mg/kg bwt, and pyriproxyfen 5.4 mg/kg bwt; for cats, the dosage was the following: fipronil 43.2 mg/kg bwt, praziquantel 17.28 mg/kg bwt, moxidectin 4.32 mg/kg bwt, and pyriproxyfen 8.64 mg/kg bwt. The blood samples were taken from dogs and cats. The principle of the method for determining praziquantel, trans-4-hydroxypraziquantel, pyriproxyfen, and fipronil in serum samples was chromatographed in a high-pressure liquid chromatograph with detection by means of a mass-spectrometric detector. The moxidectin content of the blood was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results:
The drug preparation active substances: praziquantel, fipronil, and moxidectin are absorbed into the blood of dogs and cats. The penetration of praziquantel into the systemic circulation and further into organs and tissues was proved. After topical administration, moxidectin is absorbed and distributed systemically and is slowly removed from the plasma, which manifests itself in detectable concentrations of moxidectin in the blood for 1 month.
Conclusion:
The present results of pharmacokinetic investigations may promote to the determination of effective therapy strategy and prophylaxis of parasitic diseases in dogs and cats.
The purpose of the research is conducting pharmaco-toxicological assessment of Gelmintal Mini Syrup based on a combination of moxidectin and toltrazuril. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 64 white male rats and 40 white mice. Each animal species was divided into 4 equivalent groups of 6–10 animals each. When studying acute toxicity, the drug was administered in the form of a syrup (without dilution) to animals once at doses of 11 400, 22 800 and 28 500 mg/kg; when studying subchronic toxicity, the drug was administered daily for 14 days at doses of 570, 1425 and 2850 mg/kg (1/10 and 1/20 and 1/50 of the maximum possible dose administered into the stomach according to the vivisection results). When studying acute toxicity, the animals were followed up for 14 days; we recorded the general condition and behavior of the animals, changes in their body weight, the manifestation of toxic symptoms or possible death. When studying subchronic toxicity, the animals were followed up during the entire period of the drug use (14 days); on the 15th and 24th days of the experiment, we performed euthanasia, collected the blood to determine hematological and biochemical values, and carried out macroscopic examination of the organs. Results and discussion. We did not record the animals’ death at doses of 11 400, 22 800 and 28 500 mg/kg; and no signs of intoxication were noted for the entire follow-up period. LD50 of Gelmintal Mini Syrup exceeds the dose of 28500 mg/kg, i.e. the drug is classified as the 4th hazard class. The results of the studied subchronic toxicity showed that the drug was inactive at doses of 570 mg/kg, 1425 and 2850 mg/kg when administered orally for 14 days.
The purpose of the research: to study the efficacy of the insectoacaricidal preparation "Neoterica Protecto 4" against ixodidoses and other acaroses of animals. Materials and methods. 252 dogs and 158 cats of different ages and breeds naturally infected with Ixodes ticks and Notoedres cati, Demodex canis and Sarcoptes canis, as well as 35 decorative rabbits infected with acaroses caused by Psoroptes cuniculi and Sarcoptes scabiei varietas cuniculi were used. All animals were divided into experimental and control groups. For animals of experimental groups, the preparation was used according to the instructions for use, animals of control group the preparation did not receive. Determination of the rate of onset of the "knockdown" state and the height of the tick lifting on the treated tissue from cotton coarse calico size 10 × 70 cm was carried out on 30 Ixodes ticks. Results and discussion. 100 % therapeutic efficacy of preparation «Neoterica Protecto 4» in the control of ixodid ticks and acaroses of animals (otodectosis, psoroptosis, sarcoptosis, demodecosis and notoedrosis), high preventive acaricidal efficacy for 60 days, and found that the preparation has a pronounced «knockdown effect», the time of onset of the «knockdown» state averages 2.35 minutes at an average lifting altitude 37.56 cm.
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