On the background of a high percentage of caries incidence, the prevalence of its complications is increasing – pulpitis, apical periodontitis. Teeth with complicated caries can cause odontogenic inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial region. Being foci of chronic infection and intoxication, they have an adverse effect on the body as a whole. In connection with the above, it is obvious that determining the optimal concentration of chlorhexidine bigluconate and exposure to the dentin of the crown part of the tooth in case of carious lesion of the latter is currently very important. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (by suspension and contact method) in various concentrations in relation to monocultures of biofilm formed on tooth sections and in U-shaped 96-well plastic plates. Material and methods. In this work, one of the most relevant pathogens for modern medicine was Staphylococcus aureus, which was one of the most powerful pathogens that form biofilms, was used as a model. The antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine bigluconate was evaluated on S. aureus and E. coli biofilm cultures formed on dental samples and in polystyrene plastic tablets. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the reduction factor was determined by the difference in the number of decimal logarithms of CFU/ml in the experiment compared to the control. The obtained data was subjected to statistical processing. Results and discussion. The study revealed that 2.0 % solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate had a high level of antibacterial activity against tablet biofilm cultures of S. aureus and E. coli. When it was exposed to S. aureus and E. coli tablet biofilm cultures with exposures of 30 and 60 seconds, statistically significant differences were found (p=0.02). Secondly, statistically significant differences in the effect of sensitivity of single-species biofilm cultures of dental samples to the effect of antiseptic at the specified concentration were determined (p=0.007). At the same time, the level of antibacterial activity of 2.0 % chlorhexidine bigluconate solution in respect of tablet biofilm cultures of S. aureus and E. coli was significantly higher than in biofilm cultures of S. aureus and E. coli of dental samples (p<0.05). Conclusion. The obtained results give grounds for using them in clinical practice in order to improve the effectiveness of caries treatment which will help reduce the number of complications and on the one hand, corresponds to the main direction of medicine ‒ prevention and on the other hand, increases the level of specialized medical care provided to the population as a whole
The electrokinetic possibilities of separation and concentration of S.aureus bacteria in human whole blood (test mixture) were studied using a new design of a four-electrode biosensor chip format with transparent microelectrodes. In the measurements, a closed cell was used, into which the test mixture was poured. The electrokinetic movement of bacteria during concentration was observed when AC voltage was applied to the first and second annular external electrodes, and DC voltage was applied to the third and fourth semicircular central electrodes. The process of separation of erythrocytes and concentration of bacteria was recorded by an optical method. It is shown that the concentration of bacteria appears after 8 minutes and increases by 30 minutes in the region of the central electrodes under model conditions. The measurements were carried out on two biosensor chip formats having almost identical electrophysical parameters of capacitance and conductivity at frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. It is determined that the amplitude-frequency mode and biosensor chip format can be used to develop methodological support for the identification of bacterial species, but only by optical methods. It is shown that in order to increase the number of bacteria on both of the central electrode in the concentration mode, it is necessary to increase the speed of the electroosmotic flow at alternating current, by optimizing the composition of the medium and the parameters of the electrical regime in order to equalize the rates of separation and concentration processes.
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