Objectives. Based on self-determination theory, the present paper investigates relationships between behaviounl regulations of physical activity in a school setting with intentions to exercise and actual exercising in leisure time. Moderating effects of personal experience of intentions (autonomous vs. controlled intentions) on the relationship between intentions to exercise and actual exercising in leisure time were also examined.Design. A prospective study assessing psychological variables two weeks apart.Method. Self-reporr questionnaires distributed to children in two private and one state school. Assessments included five types of regulation of physical activities in school, intentions to exercise, subjective experience of intentions ('integrated intentions') and actual exercising during leisure time. Final N = 100.Results. Consistency of intentions to exercise in leisure time and consistency between intentions to exercise and actual exercising in leisure time were a function of both controlling and autonomous forms of regulation of physical activity in schools. Intentions to exercise predicted actual exercising in leisure time when intentions were experienced as autonomous and not as controlled.Conclusions. Adherence to the health behaviour of exercising can be promoted by supporting autonomy and avoiding control of the behaviour in children. T h e integration of self-determination theory with social-cognitive theories of social action can result in a more elaborated understanding of social and health behaviours.
This study examined the interpersonal athletic relationship of four married coach-athlete dyads. In order to facilitate the examination of this unique relationship, the interpersonal constructs of closeness, co-orientation, and complementarity were integrated into a conceptual-based model. The main purpose of this study was to establish the utility of the constructs in understanding the coach-athlete relationship in married couples. Following in-depth interviews, the responses of the participants were content analyzed. Analysis revealed that the coaches and athletes’ close relationship facilitated the formulation of a cooriented view of relevant and important issues which subsequently affected the way in which cooperative interactions were expressed in training. The relationship-oriented aspects of this unique dyad are discussed in relation to a proposed conceptualization of the coach-athlete relationship, and future directions are presented.
The purpose of this study was to describe a sample of English physical education teachers’ value orientations for curricular decision making and to assess their compatibility with the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE). In addition, the impact of gender, experience and activity background on teachers’ value orientations was examined. The revised Value Orientation Inventory was used to collect data from 64 teachers working in the south-west of England. Descriptive statistics were computed for each of five value orientations. The numbers and percentages of teachers who demonstrated high, neutral and low priorities for each value orientation were also computed. One-way analysis of variance tests was used to make comparisonsbetween the scores for gender, experience and activity background groups. Product–moment correlation coefficients were computed to determine the relationships between value orientations. Results indicated that this sample of teachers had a number of different priorities other than teaching the subject matter of physical education. This finding suggested that the focus of recent NCPE policy texts may not be compatible with the values of many teachers. There were no significant differences based on gender or experience. Teachers with a traditional activity background placed a higher priority on social responsibility, while teachers with a non-traditional or eclectic activity background placed a higher priority on learning process. In addition, correlational data suggested that teachers with high priorities for self-actualization and socialresponsibility may find it particularly difficult to deliver NCPE in congruence with the latestofficial policy.
SUMMARYHomogenates of brains from mice clinically affected with scrapie have been fractionated by differential centrifugation and equilibration in sucrose density gradients. Most of the infectivity was found in the heavy particulate fraction containing mitochondria and possibly lysosomes.
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