It was shown that iodine numbers of less than 1 g I 2 /100 g are obtained during hydrogenation of olefin oligomers on a platinum-containing catalyst with optimum parameters. This ensures obtaining white oil stocks that satisfy all current requirements. Stock for hydraulic, aviation, cable, compressor, and other oils can be separated from the hydrogenated products.With limited resources of Balakhany lube stock and stiffening of environmental protection laws, it became almost impossible to obtain dearomatized white oils with multistage technology using acid-base catalytic treatment.Balakhany crude lube distillate, after some preparation, was used to obtain the base of AMG-10 lube oil and RM and RMTs hydraulic oils for rocket and space engineering.The dearomatized oils also include type S-220 cable oil, compressor oils for production of polyethylene, etc. At present, these oils are not being manufactured due to the lack of appropriate feedstock. For this reason, studies are being conducted to select different feedstock and methods of processing it for manufacturing these oils.White oils that satisfy the requirements of the standards can be manufactured with hydrocatalytic processes -hydrocracking and two-stage hydrogenation of heavy Balakhany crude distillate raffinate and finishing of the products obtained with an adsorbent [1]. Technology was developed for producing type RM and RMTs oils using two-stage hydrocatalytic processing of petrolatum on a platinum-containing catalyst, dewaxing, and adsorption finishing in a moving bed of adsorbent [2].Olefin oligomers are alternative feedstock sources for production of hydraulic, aviation, compressor, and cable oil bases. They must be hydrogenated to obtain the required properties of the oils.The catalytic system has an important role in hydrogenation of propylene, butylenes, and higher α-olefins to manufacture white oils. In hydrogenation of oligomers of lower olefins, degradation and isomerization side reactions should not occur, since they significantly alter and worsen the quality of the products obtained. We added hydrogen to isomer molecules of olefin oligomers without altering the structure and correspondingly, the properties.In addition to the catalyst, such parameters as the temperature, pressure, and feedstock space velocity also affect the hydrogenation process. All of the hydrogenation conditions and parameters can give the real picture for production of products with the required properties and composition.
The effect of nitrogen-containing phenol oligomers on the viscosity-temperature properties of base motor oil is studied. It is found that the products of oxypropylation of phenol and monoalkylphenols (alkyl chain length -C 8 -C 12 ) in the presence of benzoguanamine, as well as oxypropylated benzoguanamine have a positive effect on these properties. It is also found and scientifically validated that the viscosity -temperature properties of base-oil compositions are affected by the concentration, component composition, and thickening power of oligomers in oil.Phenol oligomers or phenol compounds (alkylphenols with alkyl groups of various length and structure) and formaldehydes, which contain heteroatoms (nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus), are used as multi-purpose and multi-functional oil additives. TsIATIM-339, TsIATIM-339s, VNIINP-360, VNIINP-370, VNIINP-715, Borin, IKhP-101, BFK, BFKu, etc. are industrial grades of alkylphenol detergent, antioxidative, and depressor additives. Some of them (TsIATIM-339, TsIATIM-339s, VNIINP-360, and IKhP-101) also possess antiware and anticorrosion properties [1]. Various salts (calcium, barium, zinc) of the condensation products of alkylphenols with formaldehyde and amines make up the greater part of these additives. As a rule, additives of this type do not possess thickening power, and do not improve the viscosity-temperature properties of base oils. The nitrogen-and sulfur-containing additive IKhP-21, which can be produced by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide as a product of alkylphenol condensation with formaldehyde, exhibits antioxidative properties and high thermal stability [2].In the search for new nitrogen-containing phenol oligomers possessing additional functional properties, we synthesized oil-soluble oligomeres by reacting phenol or its compounds (monalkylphenols with the C 8 -C 12 alkyl groups) with benzoguanamine (1,3-diamine-5-phenyl-2,4,6-triazine), and by reacting between benzoguanamine with propylene oxide, as well mixtures of the latter with polypropylene glycol [3, 4].
Спектрофотометрическим методом исследовано комплексообразование железа (III) с 2-(пиперидинометил)-4-метилфенолом (L). Идентификацию синтезированного реагента проводили с помощью элементного анализа, ИК-и ЯМР-спектроскопии. Результаты химического анализа:
Finishing oil based on propylene oligomers decreases fibre end breakage and the amount of wastes, washes out well, and does not negatively affect dyeing. It is recommended for double-twisting machines in the textile industry.Finishing oils are used for processing wool and part-wool yarn on double twisting machines and in oiling agents in manufacture of chemical fibres. The first group includes Konil 6517 (Viskers) (England), Isafil MS-100 from Beme (FRG), and Rokail-8 from Lamberti (Italy). They are manufactured by mixing liquid hydrocarbons with special additives. The second group includes mineral oils of varying viscosity and degree of purification: S-9, S-15, and S-25 according to TU 3810133-75.A number of specific requirements are imposed on finishing oils. They must not worsen the physicomechanical and hygienic properties of yarn and color fastness in dry rubbing, must not have an unpleasant odor and be toxic, must be easily washed out during subsequent treatments, and they must be colorless [1]. In addition, these oils must have good performance properties, i.e., not perturb the industrial spinning process, reduce end breakage, and prevent fibre wear (formation of fluff) and accumulation of electrical charges.Winding of the yarn during twisting is improved when an effective finishing oil is applied as a result of a decrease in the dynamic friction of the fibres against guides and reduce accumulation of static electricity. This will decrease the number of filament breaks, fluff formation, and dust separation.Technology has been developed for manufacturing finishing oil based on hydrogenated polypropylene oligomers -HPO [2]; it consists of oligomerization of propylene and separation and hydrogenation of the required fraction of oligomers. Samples of HPO were treated according to this technology, their physicochemical properties were compared with S-9 and Konil 6517 oils, and the results are reported in Table 1.Oligomerization of propylene was conducted in an autoclave with a stirrer at a temperature of 80°C with an aluminum chloride catalytic complex.The oligomer obtained was washed and several fractions were separated, including the narrow 325-370°C distillate fraction and the >280°C broad residual fraction. The oligomer samples were hydrogenated in a continuous pilot unit in an adiabatic reactor with a volume of 1 liter with 305 g of AP-64 aluminoplatinum catalyst at a pressure of 4.5-5 MPa and temperature of 220-230°C. The Central Scientific-Research Institute of Wool (Moscow) developed the requirements for finishing oil for double-twisting machines and assisted in testing of experimental-industrial samples based on HPO at
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