Page 915: Yoshida, F., and N. Ohshima, “Diffusivity of oxygen in blood serum.” The sentence near the end of the first paragraph of the introduction (p. 915) should read; “The values of diffusivity of oxygen in serum at 25 C ranged from 1.63 to 2.21 x 1O–5 cm2/sec depending on the thickness of the layer.”
Preincubation of Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected RK13 cells at 37 C considerably enhanced subsequent interferon (IF) production at 25 C. The optimal length of this preincubation was about 7 to 9 hr. It was postulated that the intracellular events leading to IF production in NDV-induced cells might proceed in two distinct phases, early and late; the early phase to prepare the cells for IF synthesis proceeds only at 37 C whereas the late phase in which IF is readily synthesized occurs both at 37 C and at 25 C. Similar events seemed to occur in cultures of cells from in vivo induced rabbits. This concept was substantiated by experiments using actinomycin D and cycloheximide, which suggested that protein synthesis at 37 C during the first 7 hr was essential for subsequent IF production at 25 C. A prolonged preincubation at 37 C resulted in decreased IF production, suggesting that a putative regulatory protein might be synthesized at 37 C which could not be readily synthesized at 25 C.Postic et al [7] studied the effect of ambient and body temperature on interferon (IF) production in rabbits injected intravenously with either Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or endotoxin. The production of virus-induced IF was elevated by increasing the ambient temperature to 35 C, whereas placing the rabbits at 4 C resulted in decreased IF synthesis. The same changes in the ambient temperature had no effect on the level of endotoxin-induced IF. However, shearing of rabbits, causing a decrease in body temperature, resulted in increased endotoxininduced IF and decreased virus-induced IF production.Lackovic et al [4] reported that when NDV or endotoxin was used as the IF inducer for mouse peritoneal cells, the best temperature condition was about 39 C, whereas 26 C was optimal when endotoxin was employed. Recently, Smith et al [8] reported that the yield of endotoxin-induced IF was greater at 25 C than at 37 C, but NDV-induced IF was produced equally well at 25 C and 37 C. Our studies also showed that endotoxin produced more IF at 25 C than at 37 C in rabbit cell cultures [2]. However, when spleen and lymph node cells were harvested from rabbits 24 hr after NDV injection and incubated in vitro, higher IF yields were obtained at 25 C than at 37 C.The search for the temperature-dependent events operative in vivo or in cells harvested from induced animals, though being the final target of our study, is technically limited and requires an in vitro model more feasible for this approach. In this meaning we employed an NDV-RK13 cell system for a precise analysis of the effect of temperature on IF production and observed results of shift-down of incubation temperature from 37 C to 25 C.
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