After recent advances regarding organ transplantation, accurate and timely diagnosis of brain death has gained importance. In the diagnosis of brain death, in addition to clinical findings, various ancillary tests are very crucial. In this study, the scintigraphic imaging of the brain death of an 8-year-old girl with both Tc-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been presented. This case study shows that 18F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging can be a useful technique in evaluating brain death in patients.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic prediction of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations by comparing the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) obtained from 18 fluoride-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT), which is considered a prognostic factor in breast cancer (BC). Methods: Retrospective interdisciplinary laboratory results of 92 patients with BC who had germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation profiles and underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT were compared. Genotyping was made by next-generation sequencing, and PET/CT scans were re-evaluated. The histopathological data, genetic results, and clinical demographics of all patients were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups in accordance with the presence of germline BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations. Between-group statistical comparison was performed. Results: In PET/CT performed for primary staging, patients with BRCA-positive BC had significantly higher SUV max (p=0.039), larger tumor size (p=0.025), and presence of axillary nodal metastases (p=0.023) than patients with BRCA-negative BC. Although the Ki-67 index was higher in the BRCA-positive group than BRCA-negative group, this difference was not significant (p=0.157). Moreover, in the BRCA-positive and negative groups, SUV max , Ki-67 index, and tumor size, grade, and stage were significantly correlated with each other. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a strong association between BRCA mutations and SUV max , which indicates the poor prognosis of BC.
Background: Previous studies showed conflicting results about the contribution of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) to myocardial perfusion and function. The aim of this study was to investigate these contradictory problems by gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (gated MPS) for the first time. Methods:The current cohort was retrospectively selected among patients who underwent gated MPS and coronary angiography within 2 months. Two different groups including 96 patients were assessed by gated MPS to detect the understanding of the miscellaneous effect of CCC on myocardial perfusion. Group 1 consisted of those who had collateral arteries that were not-well-developed (Rentrop grade 0 -1) (n = 58), while group 2 consisted of those who had collateral arteries that were well-developed (Rentrop grade 2 -3) (n = 38).Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in terms of perfusion and functional parameters obtained from gated MPS. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found in the phase analysis parameters which is a novel technique to evaluate left ventricular synchronization. On the other hand the left ventricular mass index values were high and quite close to the statistically significant value (P = 0.059) in group 2. Conclusions:The current results that obtained by using the gated MPS technique for the first time in the evaluation of CCC showed that the well-developed collateral circulation has a positive effect on myocardial perfusion and function, but this effect was not statistically significant. Results need to be supported by large scale of patients' size.
Background The early detection of bone metastases is very important in prostate cancer follow-up. This study aimed to compare conventional tumor markers, namely free prostate-specific antigen (free PSA), total prostate-specific antigen (total PSA), free PSA/total PSA ratio, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values, Gleason scores and 99 m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy findings in the prediction of bone metastases in prostate cancer. Methods In total, 175 patients with prostate cancer who underwent whole-body bone scintigraphy were included in the study. All selected scintigraphic studies were reprocessed. Free PSA, total PSA, free PSA/total PSA ratio, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values and Gleason scores of patients were recorded. Results The results of our study show that the presence of bone metastasis correlates very weakly with free PSA/total PSA ratio (rho = 0.179), weakly with total PSA (rho = 0.318) and Gleason score (rho = 0.382), moderately with ALP (rho = 0.539), free PSA (0.416). Only ALP variable had a diagnostic value and ALP cutoff value was 76.50 IU/L, with 80% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity. Conclusion According to the results of our study; the free PSA, total PSA, free PSA/total PSA ratio and Gleason score values were not considered as a reliable parameter in the prostate cancer cases follow-up for bone metastasis development. Only ALP had a diagnostic value and ALP cutoff value was 76.50 IU / L with 80% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity in predicting bone metastases in prostate cancer.
Background In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of free prostate specific antigen/total prostate specific antigen (free PSA/ total PSA) ratio in prediciton of bone metastases in patient with prostate cancer. Methods In total 175 patients with prostate cancer who underwent whole-body bone scintigraphy were included in the study. All selected scintigraphic studies were reprocessed. Free PSA/total PSA ratio, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) values and Gleason scores of patients were recorded. Results The results of our study shows that a moderate correlation between free PSA and ALP values with bone metastases lesion number. In addition, we detected a weak correlation between total PSA value, free PSA/ total PSA ratio and Gleason score with the number of bone metastases lesions in patients with prostate cancer. To predict bone metastases in prostat cancer, only ALP variable was statistically significant and had a high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.907, p = 0.004). ALP cut off value was 76.50 IU/L, with %80 sensitivity and %82.1 specificity. Additionally according to our results free PSA values, total PSA values, free PSA/total PSA ratio and Gleason score values was not considered as a reliable parameter in prostate cancer cases following bone metastasis development. Conclusion According to the results of our study; the free PSA, total PSA, free PSA/total PSA ratio and Gleason score values was not considered as a reliable parameter in the prostate cancer cases follow-up for bone metastasis development. In addition to ALP can predict bone metastases with 80% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity at 76.50 cut off value.
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