A general iteration formula of variational iteration method (VIM) for fractional heat- and wave-like equations with variable coefficients is derived. Compared with previous work, the Lagrange multiplier of the method is identified in a more accurate way by employing Laplace’s transform of fractional order. The fractional derivative is considered in Jumarie’s sense. The results are more accurate than those obtained by classical VIM and the same as ADM. It is shown that the proposed iteration formula is efficient and simple.
A coupled method of Laplace transform and Legendre wavelets is presented to obtain exact solutions of Lane-Emden-type equations. By employing properties of Laplace transform, a new operator is first introduced and then its Legendre wavelets operational matrix is derived to convert the Lane-Emden equations into a system of algebraic equations. Block pulse functions are used to calculate the Legendre wavelets coefficient matrices of the nonlinear terms. The results show that the proposed method is very effective and easy to implement.
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