Appropriate physical activity (PA) enhances health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the elderly. However, few studies have focused on the physical activity required during grandparenting activities. We investigated the levels of PA and HRQOL in 48 Japanese grandmothers and determined the association between child-rearing assistance and PA and between PA and HRQOL. The study revealed that the grandmothers mainly provided non-daily care, and they showed an appropriate level of PA and good physical and mental HRQOL. These findings suggest that involvement in non-routine care has benefits for grandparents' health.
Background: In South Sudan where both maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate are among the worst in the world, we conducted a qualitative study in the area of midwife in-service training outcomes with an aim to contribute to the in-service training development that fits the local context and serves the needs of midwives in dire environment. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with five graduates of a midwife in-service training program. The interview guide was developed to determine the progress, the facilitators and the bottleneck in the transfer of knowledge from the training program to practicum. The interviews were conducted in Juba, South Sudan, and transcribed verbatim followed by content analysis of data using the ModifiedGrounded Theory Approach.
Results:The content analysis of data produced 24 concepts, 5 subcategories and 3 categories. Those categories were "Development of motivation for application, " "Building up midwife skills, " and "Midwife care improvement in the facility. " We found that the midwife leaders' skills building processes were influenced by environmental factors such as community members' perception which impedes safe delivery, lack of pregnancy and birth related knowledge among women in the community, and low level of language skills of colleagues. There were also intrinsic factors including having successful experiences, recognition from others, and confidence in new skills. Conclusion: Overall, the study indicated the incorporation of participant-centered learning methodology and strategies to effectively work through environmental issues and midwives' level of self-efficacy will increase successful application of learning.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effective midwifery care from pregnancy to postpartum in order to promote evidence-based midwifery practice in improving childbirth satisfaction and breastfeeding. The subjects were one-month postpartum mothers who came to one-month check-up during July to October in 2010. The purpose of the self-administered questionnaire developed by the research group was explained, then provided to mothers who agreed to participate in the survey at 4 hospitals each with more than 300 beds and 1 clinic with more than 500 deliveries annually in Okinawa. The questionnaire was collected on the same day or via postal mail. A total of 540 mothers agreed to complete the survey, and 434 responses were considered valid for this study (valid response rate: 80.4%). Vaginal delivery group was 223 (82.3% with medical intervention rate of 15.2%), and the cesarean section group was 48 (17.7%). The most helpful one-on-one guidance was "nipple care in preparation for breastfeeding" during pregnancy, "encouragement" during delivery, and "Kangaroo (skin-to-skin) care" immediately after the delivery. An Application rate of episiotomy was 65.2% for primiparous women and 30.5% for multiparous women. The rate of perineal laceration enlarged to more than third degree in cases with episiotomy is three times more than the cases with no episiotomy. Additionally, the prevalence of breastfeeding at one-month postpartum was significantly higher in the mothers rooming-in with the baby (76.2%) than mothers in separate room (28.3%). Moreover, 60.3% of the mothers in the complete rooming-in group answered they had not felt difficulty with childcare while it dropped to 46.2% among the mothers in the separate room group.
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