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Ten new phenolic compounds including the six neolignans 1 -3 and 6 -8 and four caffeoyl derivatives, i.e., myo-inositol 1-caffeate (9), myo-inositol 6-caffeate (10), myo-inositol 5-caffeate (11), and paucine 3'-b-d-glucopyranoside (12) were isolated from the whole plants of Selaginella moellendorffii (caffeic acid ¼ 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid). Their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.Introduction. -Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. (Selaginellaceae), a perennial herb, is mainly distributed in the southern area of the Changjiang River in China and has been used to treat jaundice, gonorrhea, bleeding, acute hepatitis, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) [5] biflavones in this plant. In our recent research, a series of pyrrolidinoindoline alkaloids were found from this plant [6]. In continuation of the studies on this plant, ten new phenolic derivatives, 1 -3 and 6 -12, and four known ones, compounds 4 and 5, paucine (¼ (2E)-N-(4-aminobutyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide 13) [7], and N

Five new benzylphenethylamine alkaloids, hostasine (1), 8-demethoxyhostasine, 8-demethoxy-10-O-methylhostasine, 10-O-methylhostasine, and 9-O-demethyl-7-O-methyllycorenine, along with 12 known compounds, were isolated from Hosta plantaginea by bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures of the new alkaloids were established by means of extensive spectroscopic methods, and the relative configuration of 1 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine (IC(50) = 1.80 microM), a known alkaloid, showed strong activity against tobacco mosaic virus by the half-leaf method. Some of these alkaloids were also evaluated for their inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase. 8-Demethoxy-10-O-methylhostasine was found to possess significant activity, with an IC(50) of 2.32 microM.