This paper explains the load forecasting technique for prediction of electrical load at Hawassa city. In a deregulated market it is much need for a generating company to know about the market load demand for generating near to accurate power. If the generation is not sufficient to fulfill the demand, there would be problem of irregular supply and in case of excess generation the generating company will have to bear the loss. Neural network techniques have been recently suggested for short-term load forecasting by a large number of researchers. Several models were developed and tested on the real load data of a Finnish electric utility at Hawassa city. The authors carried out short-term load forecasting for Hawassa city using ANN (Artificial Neural Network) technique ANN was implemented on MATLAB and ETAP. Hourly load means the hourly power consumption in Hawassa city. Error was calculated as MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) and with error of about 1.5296% this paper was successfully carried out. This paper can be implemented by any intensive power consuming town for predicting the future load and would prove to be very useful tool while sanctioning the load.
This paper investigates the major faults affecting the transmission of electrical energy after power has been generated from the power generating station. In a 3-phase transmission line, faults arise due to numerous causes such as aircraft, line breaks due to the excessive loading, heavy winds, trees falling across the lines etc. The faults faced in a 3-phase transmission line are broadly categorized into two main parts, namely: unsymmetrical faults and symmetrical faults. Furthermore, there is another classification of faults in 3-phase transmission lines such as: shunt type of faults and series type of faults, but this paper discusses the shunt type of faults which create short circuit on single line to ground (L-G) faults between two conductors or line to line (L-L) faults, or double line to ground (LL-G) or (triple) three line to ground (LLL-G) faults. This was achieved using the Fortescue Theorem on MATLAB software. The results show that the single L-G faults occur more frequently followed by the L-L faults, LL-G faults, and LLL-G faults. This study is essential to evaluate the power reliability and stability of power transmission lines.
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