Kapittel 18Fotball og media i Noreg i eit historisk perspektiv i perioden 1970-2005 -spelet utan ball JOAR FOSSØY, VEGARD FUSCHE MOE OG FRODE FRETLAND SAMANDRAG Aviser, magasin, radio, fjernsyn og Internett flyt i dag over av idrettsrelatert stoff i ulike innpakningar. Media er med på å forme vår oppfatning av kva idrett er, samtidig som det er ei sterk drivkraft bak dei endringsprosessane som føregår og har føregått i idretten. Dette er saerleg synleg i fotballen, der symbiosen med media dei siste tiåra har utgjort ein markant økonomisk, kulturell og sosial kraft. I denne artikkelen er målet å kaste lys over korleis og kvifor symbiosen mellom fotball og media har utvikla seg i eit historisk perspektiv i perioden 1970-2005. Arbeidet vårt viser at fotball har gått frå å vere ein fritidsbasert aktivitet til å bli ei «vare», der den materielle kapitalen etter kvart har vorte meir sentral enn den immaterielle kapitalen. Fotball uttrykt i media forsterkar dette biletet.NØKKELORD sport/mediekomplekset, kommodifisering, profesjonalisering, materiell og immateriell kapital ABSTRACT Newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and the Internet is filled with sports related items in different forms. The media is first of all a major contributor to our understanding and comprehension of what sports is, but the media is also a considerable power behind the processes of change in recent years. This is particularly noticeable in football. The last decade the symbiosis between football and the media has been a substantial economic, cultural and social force. This article sheds light on how and why the symbiosis between football and the media has developed in a historical perspective between 1970 and 2005. It will be argued that football has gone from being a leisure activity to a product produced by the media, where economy triumphs social and cultural benefits. Football expressed in the media emphases this picture.
Høgskulen på VestlandetSAMANDRAG I denne artikkelen blir det regionale i det internasjonale drøfta ved å studera spelarregularitet og spelarlogistikk i fotballklubben Sogndal. Me ser saerskilt på bruken av lokale, nasjonale og internasjonale spelarar i klubben dei siste 30 åra. Hovudfunn: Bruken av lokale spelarar har gått vesentleg ned dei siste tiåra, medan bruken av nasjonale og internasjonale spelarar har auka tilsvarande. Sogndal er tydeleg påverka av globale trendar og dette set press på klubbens lokale spelarutvikling.ABSTRACT This article discusses the regional in the international by studying the regularity and logistic of football players in Sogndal FC. We look especially at the use of local, national and international players in the club for the last 30 years. Key findings: The use of local players has decreased significantly while the use of national and international players has increased. Sogndal is clearly influenced by global trends, and this puts pressure on the club's development of local football players.
Artiklen omhandler udviklingen i fodbold i Kristiania, med særlig fokus på fodboldbaner.Frode Fretland: Footballmatches on grass and gravel in ChristianiaThis article will focus on the development of football and football grounds in the Norwegian capital Christiania until 1922. Questions about grounds for football have always been a central issue in the history of football in Norway. Due to difficult topography and the cold and wet climate in wintertime it has always been problematic to establish proper surfaces. In spite of bad facilities, association football has for a long time been the most popular sport, not in the capital alone, but all over the country. Football was from the very beginning seen as a way to offer children and young people a healthy and playful time of recreation in a natural environment. The municipal authorities of Christiania supported this by building grounds. Most of them were smaller gravel grounds (playing fields) in connection with schools, but only a few grounds were of good standard and had the right size for serious football matches. Really good football was played at full-sized grass pitches, but in Norway it was common until the end of 1910s to have gravel pitches only. When the national team played against Sweden and Denmark they always had difficulties playing well at the grass grounds because they were not used to it. At last, from 1918, a new grass ground near Christiania made it possible for the best local teams and the national team to train and play matches on a proper surface. This was followed by the first victories over Denmark and Sweden.
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