No abstract

The waters surrounding Ambon Island is a potential fishing gound for demersal fish resources, yet information regarding species diversity is still slightly understood. This research aimed to analyze the diversity of species and size of demersal fish around Ambon Island oceans. Data was collected based on experimental fishing using fish trap at two locations, in northern and southern waters of Ambon Island. The data were collected by experimental capture using fishing gear at two locations, namely northern waters (March-April 2015) and south of Ambon Island (July-October 2016). Methods of demersal resource diversity analysis are several ecological indexes i.e. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou uniformity index, and Simpson's dominance index. The result showed that 21 family and 57 species with details of 35 species in the northern waters and 32 species in the southern water. Species diversity based on Shannon-Wiener Index (H´) ranged between 1,61-3,10 while species evenness index (E) was around 0,83-0,95. The abundance of demersal fish was not dominated by any fish species, showed by the average Simpson index of dominant (D) around 0,05-0,26.AbstrakPerairan Pulau Ambon termasuk daerah penangkapan sumber daya ikan demersal yang potensial, namun informasi ke-anekaragamannya masih sangat sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kekayaan jenis dan keanekara-gaman ikan demersal di perairan Pulau Ambon. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara penangkapan eksperimental dengan menggunakan alat tangkap bubu pada dua lokasi yakni perairan utara (Maret-April 2015) dan perairan selatan Pulau Ambon (Juli-Oktober 2016). Metode  analisis keanekaragaman sumber daya ikan demersal menggunakan bebe-rapa indeks ekologi yakni indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks keseragaman Pielou, dan indeks dominansi Simpson.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di perairan Pulau Ambon teridentifikasi 21 famili dan 57 spesies de-ngan rincian 35 spesies di perairan utara dan 32 spesies di perairan selatan. Status keanekaragaman jenis indeks Shannon-Wiener (H´) berkisar 1,61-3,10 sedangkan indeks keseragaman jenis (E) sebesar 0,83-0,95. Kelimpahan ikan demersal tidak ada yang dominan, ditunjukkan oleh indeks dominan Simpson (D) sebesar 0,05-0,26.

This research was conducted in Pasar Mardika-Ambon, on June to July 2018. Five of the ten brokers in that market were taken as samples and observed as well as interviewed in depth. The results show that the role of the Brokers in the fresh fish marketing process, especially in that market, which is known as the main traditional market in Ambon is very large. It can be seen from the percentage of fish passing through them. Approximately 90% of the fishermen’s catch (especially purse seine) must pass the brokers for further distribution to consumers through retailers. For this job, they will earn 10% of fishermen’s sale, both those distributed to retailers and those sold to Cold Storage. Some fishermen argue that the existence of broker is very helpful in the marketing process, but some fishermen also complain about their presence in the market. When fishermen experience problems and need assistance (money), the broker will immediately reach out to help. The assistance must still be returned by the fishermen but the return time is flexible.

Eco-biological information of Cheilopogon abei in Geser Streit is unknown. The objective of this research is to observe the sex ratio, first size maturity, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index (GSI) with fecundity of flying fish Ch abei in Geser East Seram Strait waters. Sampling was done for ten months started from February to November 2018, using gill net measuring 1.50 inch. All fish samples were measured in fork length and weighted so dissected to make observations on the level of gonad maturity and the number of eggs in female fish. A total of 682 flying fish was found during the study with a fork length range of 182.6-243.3 mm and a weight of 73.98-115.45 g. The results of the analysis showed that the proportion of the number of male fish was less than that of the female fish for almost every month of observation. The first size gonad mature of male and female is 210.5 mm and 214.1 mm FL. The gonad maturity index of male fish ranges from 0,963-7,967 and female fish ranges 1,315-8,069, the total fecundity is 2321-9438 eggs. Gonads of ripe fish in each month of observation. The spawning peak of Ch abei takes place in June-July and it is hoped that no arrests will be made in both months, to ensure the sustainability of the stock.

There are 71 species of flying fish (exocoetidae) in the world, 18 species in Indonesia, and ten species in Maluku. The southern waters of Ambon Island are potential areas for catching flying fish, but the species distribution has not been reported. This study aimed to determine the composition and distribution of flying fish species caught by gillnet in the southern Ambon Island waters. The study of flying fish species was carried out from February to June 2021. There were five dominant flying fish species distributed consistently based on their respective zones. The morphological identification revealed flying fish species which broadcast on the coast of the island respectively, namely: Cypselurus poecilopterus, Cheilopogon abei, Cheilopogon spilopterus with geographical position - 3°73′07″S – -3°92′01″S and 128°15′04″E – 128°44′08″E. The high seas were dominated by Cheilopogon furcatus dan Hirundichthys oxycephalus with position -4°14′08″S – -4°72′16″S and 128°28′05″E – 129°42′09″E. This information could be provided as a database for the management and sustainable use of flying fish resources to support Indonesia's National Fish Reserve or Lumbung Ikan Nasional (LIN).

This research was carried out in the waters of Tulehu, Ambon Island between February and April 2020 to study the reproductive aspects of dark-banded fusilier (Pterocaesio tile) which covers sex ratio, gonad maturity level, gonado somatic index, and first maturity size. Dark-banded fusilier samples were collected on weekly interval from gill net fishers operating in the waters of Tulehu village. The fish samples collected were separated by sex, weighed and measured for its total length. All samples collected were then dissected to take the gonads, determined the gonad maturity stage (GMS) and weighed. The Chi Square test (χ2) with p=0.05 was used to analyze whether there is difference between the ratio of male and female. Gonadal maturity level was determined morphologically based on standard literature, while gonad somatic index was determined based on proportion of gonad weight and fish body weight. The length at first maturity was determined by using logistic curve. The results showed that the ratio between males and females was 1:1 in March and April while in February the ratio was 1≠1. Totally, gonad maturity level of female fish was dominated by GMS IV (52.1%) and the lowest was GMS I (5.9%), while for male fish the lowest GMS was GMS V (3.9%) and the highest was GMS IV (27.9%). The highest gonado somatic index value for male and female fish was owned by GMS IV in April, while the lowest occurred in February for GMS I. The length at first maturity of female and male fish was 20.1 cm.   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di perairan negeri Tulehu, Pulau Ambon pada bulan Februari hingga April 2020 untuk mengkaji aspek reproduksi ikan lalosi (Pterocaesio tile) yang meliputi rasio kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, gonado somatik indeks dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Sampel ikan lalosi dikumpulkan setiap minggu dari nelayan jaring insang yang beroperasi di perairan negeri Tulehu. Sampel ikan yang terkumpul dipisahkan menurut jenis kelaminnya, ditimbang beratnya dan diukur panjang totalnya. Semua sampel yang dikoleksi kemudian dibedah untuk diambil gonadnya, ditentukan tingkat kematangan gonadnya (TKG) dan ditimbang beratnya. Untuk menganalis apakah ada perbedaan yang nyata antara rasio ikan jantan dan betina digunakan uji Khi Kuadrat (χ2) dengan p=0,05. Tingkat kematangan gonad ditentukan secara morfologis berdasarkan standar literatur, sedangkan gonado somatik indeks ditentukan berdasarkan proporsi berat gonad dan berat tubuh ikan. Panjang pertama kali matang gonad ditentukan menggunakan kurva logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rasio antara jantan dan betina adalah 1:1 pada bulan Maret dan April sedangkan pada bulan Februari rasionya 1≠1. Secara keseluruhan, tingkat kematangan gonad ikan betina didominasi oleh TKG IV (52,1%) dan terendah TKG I (5,9%), sedangkan untuk ikan jantan TKG terendah adalah TKG V (3,9%) dan tertinggi TKG IV (27,9%). Nilai gonado somatik indeks tertinggi untuk ikan jantan dan betina dimiliki oleh TKG IV pada bulan April sedangkan terendah terjadi pada bulan Februari untuk TKG I.  Panjang pertama kali matang gonad untuk ikan betina dan jantan adalah 20,1 cm. Kata Kunci:   Ikan lalosi, rasio kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, gonado somatik indeks, panjang pertama kali matang gonad

Fish is very perishable, soon after caught and death, deterioration took place quickly especially in a high-temperature environment. Quality control is a necessity to keep the freshness of fish and the prime nutritional quality. In this study interview and observation were done on the focus group to investigate quality control activities carried out by the artisanal fisher community. In many places in Maluku, small pelagic fish caught by using purse seine net. The fishing ground is relatively close to the landing site at the coastal area and landed in 1-2 hours after death. Shortly after landed ice treating is applied on the fishes with the ratio of ice to fish roughly 1:2 and also a small amount of clean sea water added onto the fish-ice mixture in order to chilling fish and keep it fresh. Most fish are transported to the central market in town by using cars which takes one to two hours, and the rest taken by the small retailers and distribute to the closest markets in the village. If lots of fish harvested, some retailers will sell it on foot from house to house. The small-scale fishermen and retailers know very well the necessity of maintaining the freshness of fish, so it will be in good quality when delivered the consumer hands and the high price.

Marine fish supply chain is an integrated process that combines production until shipping, as well efforts to cut coasts through shipping so as to provide consumers with good service. Eri’s fish landing center is one of the contributors to the stock availability of layang fish in the Ambon. The purpose of the research is to analyze the supply chain layang fish and the level of efficiency. Data were collected by purposive sampling with primary and secondary data from September-December 2019. The results of the study obtained three supply chains with four actors involved in it. Strategies to reduce margins and shorren supply chains by involving key players at high prices, namely papalele and the government at low prices, It is hoped that this alternative is one of the supporting the national fish barn.