Purpose: To assess the incidence of nasal injury in newborns submitted to non-invasive ventilation (NIV) via binasal prongs, to identify risks that come with using this interface, and to present actions for nasal injury prevention. Patients and Methods: Observational and descriptive study performed in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a public hospital in the south of Brazil. This research was divided into three stages. In the first one, nasal injury incidence was assessed in 148 newborns, using data collection from medical records. In the second stage, injury incidence, severity and a preliminary analysis of risks associated with the prescription of binasal prongs were analyzed in 33 newborns who required NIV. In the third stage. recommendations were presented to prevent nasal injury during NIV with short binasal prong. Results: The incidence of nasal injury in the first stage was 37.16%, and 63.64% in the second one. As for severity, 68.42% of the injuries showed Stage I severity, and 31.58% Stage II. The main risks associated with the use of binasal prongs were inappropriate prong size, inappropriate prong model, interface reuse, prolonged NIV use exclusively with binasal prongs, incorrect prong position and NIV circuit pulled. A total of 17 preventive approaches were recommended: 13 related to newborns care and not dependent on prior investment. Among them: to choose appropriate prong size; to keep the prong and the NIV circuit well positioned and periodically massages with circular movements in the nasal septum and columella. Conclusion:The inappropriate prong size, interface reuse, prong model, prolonged NIV use with binasal prong and incorrect prong and NIV circuit position may be associated with the high occurrence of injury in the NICU studied. Simple approaches concerning clinical staff care actions towards the newborn in NIV, which do not require a financial investment, can prevent nasal injury.

Short binasal prongs can cause skin and mucosal damage in the nostrils of preterm infants. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and severity of nasal injuries in preterm infants during the use of short binasal prongs as non-invasive ventilation (NIV) interfaces. A prospective observational study was carried out in the public hospital in a Southern Brazil. The incidence and severity of internal and external nasal injuries were evaluated in 28 preterm infants who required NIV using short binasal prongs for more than 24 hours. In order to identify possible causes of those nasal injuries, the expertise researcher physiotherapist has been carried empirical observations, analyzed the collected data, and correlated them to the literature data. A cause and effect diagram was prepared to present the main causes of the nasal injury occurred in the preterm infants assessed. The incidence of external nasal injuries was 67.86%, and internal ones 71.43%. The external nasal injuries were classified as Stage I (68.42%) and Stage II (31.58%). All the internal injuries had Stage II. The cause and effect diagram was organized into 5 categories containing 17 secondary causes of nasal injuries. There was a high incidence of Stage II-internal nasal injury and Stage I-external nasal injury in preterm infants submitted to NIV using prongs. The injuries genesis can be related to intrinsic characteristics of materials, health care, neonatal conditions, professional competence, and equipment issues.

RESUMOLaser é uma radiação eletromagnética não ionizante, monocromática, coerente e colimada, sendo utilizado em diferentes aplicações, incluindo a terapia a Laser de baixa potência (TLBP) para o tratamento de doenças. Objetivo: avaliar o desempenho de equipamentos Laser de clínicas de Curitiba-PR, verificando a conformidade dos emissores em relação aos requisitos e potência emitida, descritos nas normas técnicas. Materiais e Métodos: foram selecionados nove emissores, sete equipamentos de três fabricantes distintos. O ensaio seguiu o roteiro de avaliação elaborado por Bertolini e Nohama (2007) referente à coleta de três medidas de potência da radiação emitida por meio de um medidor e o cálculo da média das medidas. Para chegar aos resultados da pesquisa, utilizou-se o programa Minitab16 e o teste ANOVA. Resultados: Dos sete equipamentos avaliados, 71,43% não apresentaram a etiqueta com saída máxima, duração do pulso e comprimento de onda, que está relacionado à inspeção do equipamento. Na avaliação dos manuais, três itens não foram atendidos. Além dos Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde, Três Corações, v. 12, n. 1, p. 560-571, jan./jul. 2014quesitos sobre os protetores de ambiente, nenhum deles cumpriu as exigências e conformidades propostas pela norma. Também foram identificadas alterações nas potências emitidas na maioria dos equipamentos. Conclusão: Os equipamentos de TLBP das marcas verificadas não apresentaram todos os requisitos sugeridos pelas normas, assim como, a emissão de suas potências, o que pode ser prejudicial à saúde de seus usuários. Palavras-chave: Laser. Laserterapia de baixa potência. Normas técnicas. ABSTRACTLaser is an electromagnetic non-ionizing, monochromatic, coherent and collimated radiation. It has been used on different applications, including the low-level Laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of diseases. Objective: to evaluate the performance of Laser devices used at Curitiba-PR clinics, involving the emitters conformity related to technical requirements and output power for safe and effective therapeutics. Methods: there were selected nine emitters, seven Laser devices of three different manufactures. The evaluation essay followed the assessment procedure created by Bertolini e Nohama (2007) and a Laser radiation meter was used to measure three times the equipment output power and to compute its mean value. To calculate the means and to perform ANOVA test we applied the Minitab16 software. Results: Seven equipments were assessed, 71,43% did not have the maximum output etiquette, pulse duration, wavelength which they are related with equipment inspection. In the manual's assessment, three parameters were not approved. For the environment protection requirements, none of them fulfilled the requirements and conformities proposed by the standards. There were also identified alterations on the emitted power on almost all equipment. Conclusion: LLLT brand's equipment's verified didn't have all requirements proposal by standards, as well as, the potencies' emission, which could ...

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The intraoral radiography is widely performed in the dental office due to low cost and agility. The doses in intraoral radiology are considered low, however it is known that doses below the threshold for deterministic radiation has the potential to induce stochastic effects. An intraoral radiography has a risk of inducing fatal cancer or serious in order of 1:10,000,000. Besides the patient, the dentist may also be being exposed to radiation during the work with the radiographics practices. The bibliographies demonstrates the lack of information on radiation protection of dentists, however, the occupational dose reduction was observed in radiology over the past 14 years. This work aims to evaluate the effective dose of radiation to which workers can be exposed dentists in dental offices to perform intraoral radiographs. In this context, a study was be conducted between June 2013 and May 2014 with 44 professionals in Curitiba city. For each dentist was given a personal dosimeter to be used for 30 days. During this period, the number of radiographies and the length of the cable triggers of the X-ray equipment was registered and, the dosimeter´s dose was read. It was observed that the cables triggers meet regulatory standards and allow dentists to get the mean minimum distance of two meters from the radiation source in 93% of cases. Through analysis of the doses, it was concluded that occupational exposures of these workers are within the recommended threshold by regulatory 453/1998 of the Ministry of Health from Brazil.

To compare the effectiveness of the hydrocolloid and the silicone gel on the nasal protection of the newborns (NBs) during the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Materials and methods: Thirty-three NBs were selected. They were randomly divided into three groups of 11 NBs, according to the type of nasal protection used: hydrocolloid, thick silicone gel, and thin silicone gel. The stage of the nasal injury and need for exchanging nasal protection were assessed before the connection to the NIV and every 24 h until the physician's authorization for NIV's suspension. Results: The mean gestational age was 32.03 AE 3.93 weeks, and the median birth weight was 1760 g (750-3535 g). The incidence of nasal injury using hydrocolloid, thick silicone gel, and a thin silicone gel group was 36.36%, 81.81%, and 72.72%, respectively (p ¼ 0.06). Regarding the injury stage, there was no statistical significance between the three study groups. The hydrocolloid protection type had the best adhesion (p ¼ 0.03) on the NBs' skin. Conclusions: Although this study was conducted by local practice patterns, the results showed that the hydrocolloid could be the best choice to prevent the nasal septum base injury in the NB submitted to NIV.

The physiotherapeutic intervention in traumatic brain injury (TBI) must take place as early as possible so that results are more effective. A Ludic Activities Pack was devised, and aimed at the cognitive improvement, strength gain and motor coordination. The pack was built in wood, and using foam blocks, rings, marbles and screws with fitting bolts. The experimental trial involved an acute TBI, presenting motor-related disorders, in home care, and with the cognitive skills preserved. The patient's assessment was carried out using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), according to the Medical Research Council Scale (MRC), along with the diadochokinesia and the Finger-Nose-Finger Test. The treatment was undertaken with the use of the Ludic Activities Pack, and the ensuing Reassessment, conducted through the use of the same means. It was observed that after the intervention undertaken with the use of the Ludic Assisted Technology, catered for strength gain, motor coordination and cognitive skills improvement, directly derived from the neurological stimulus generated thereof.

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