-In this paper, a method based on feed-forward backpropagation artificial neural networks is developed to achieve a more accurate prediction of the useful life of the Francis turbines, subject to the monitoring of the condition. Predicting the remaining life of the Francis turbine components is critical to an effective condition-based maintenance to improve reliability and reduce overall maintenance costs. With the correct instrumentation it is possible to periodically measure and calculate the necessary operating parameters and, in the present investigation, having input data, the vibration severity in speed magnitude and the turbine efficiency, there will be trained a feed-forward backpropagation neural network in such a way as to obtain the Weibull failure rate function of the Francis Turbine. A two-element input vector is introduced with 100 samples for each input; the targets (100 samples) of Weibull failure rate function are also introduced. The method developed, for its consistency and effectiveness, can be generalized to systems and rotating equipment.
This research focuses on automating the determination of grain size, the percentage of ferritic-pearlitic phases in low carbon steels by developing a metallographic analysis software programmed in Python. The direct count valuation method and the values of the G granulometric indices according to the UNE 7-280.72 standard are used. The process consisted of taking the micrographs of 4 types of steels with different carbon content, each type of steel is made with 10 micrographs with a 100x zoom, once the images are entered into the software, the program segments the light and dark regions of the image and counts the total regions and the dark regions (ferrite and pearlite) and compares them with the standard UNE. The results of the investigation were compared with the results of the commercial metallographic software PAX-it and using an ANOVA analysis showed that the differences between the results for the by grain size and the percentage of ferrite obtained with the developed software and the PAX-it they are not statistically significant and present a confidence level of 95%, validating the results.
This research carries out the dynamic analysis of light and semi-light automotive convergence diagnostic equipment, with a gross weight of up to three tons. A comparative analysis of the implications and consequences due to positive, negative, and neutral convergences is carried out. Then the different mechanical and electronic design characteristics of the device to determine the convergence in the tires. The design of the equipment has three stages: mechanical, electrical, and electronic. The mechanical stage comprises the structure of the equipment, the electrical stage consisting of the design and construction of a longitudinal motion sensor, The electronic stage formed by a microcontroller which, once the microprocessor has been programmed, performs the measurement process based on the variables: relative displacement and potential difference. The elements designed and built are integrated into the equipment, which through a test protocol was evaluated both in empty and under load.
-In our country, lack of water for human consumption in arid coastal areas and especially on the islands, this is critical problem, therefore, the implementation of a system that allows desalinate seawater, improve considerably the quality of life of our citizens. Water is essential for ensure food and improving the quality of life, life without water is impossible, so it is necessary to generate, adapt and disseminate scientific and technological knowledge to allow safe access drinkable water. To contribute to provide solutions to this serious problem, in this project the analysis and synthesis of the current problem of the lack of potable water in coastal and islands areas of our country and we are proposed system model to purify seawater using radiant energy from the sun in a process of evaporation, distillation and condensation. We build a prototype to find respective test for validating research. The analysis was also performed, showing that the project is viable, sustainable and energy efficient. The project is aimed at low-income social sectors of coastal and islands areas of Ecuador, so materials, components and low-cost equipment, used some recycled. A methodology and procedures that enable the application and commercialization of these systems in Ecuador, by enterprises, mainly young engineers also developed.
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