Work productivity and structural change in Brazilian mining and manufacturing industries. Using an indicator of labor productivity, this paper aims to assess the contribution of structural changes in the Brazilian manufacturing and mining industries to productivity growth, during the 1970-2001 period. The conclusion is that: (i) there is no evidence to sustain that the Brazilian industry has definitely reversed the productivity growth rates slowdown trend; (ii) there is no clear evidence of a positive influence of the structural bonus; and (iii) job creation seems to be concentrated in low productivity growth sectors.Key-words: productivity; manufacturing and mining industries; structural change JEL: O12; O14; L60
INTRODUÇÃOO objetivo deste trabalho é mensurar a contribuição da mudança estrutural para o incremento da produtividade da indústria extrativa e de transformação no Brasil (doravante denominada puramente de indústria), no período de 1970 a 2001. A partir de indicadores setoriais da produtividade do trabalho, o artigo usa uma análise shift-share para avaliar a relação entre crescimento da produtividade e processos de transformação estrutural em distintas fases do desenvolvimento brasileiro que o período abrange.
This paper aims to add evidence on the role played by firms' technological competencies in the determination of their intensity of cooperation with other firms. Using a database composed by patents jointly filcd by two or more firms in the European Patent Office, the paper confronts the hypotheses of complementary or substitutive character of technological cooperation in relation to intra-mural R&D. The results suggest that more technologically and productive specialized firms are more likely to cooperate and find no support for the hypothesis that greater level of R&D expenditure will induce greater reliance on technological cooperation. It is also suggested that firms cooperate with partners that hold cotilplenientary competencies.Technological cooperation, Technological strategies, Competence building JEL Classification: L22, O32,
The paper uses microdata from the Brazilian Innovation Survey to assess the effect of public procurement on firms’ private R&D expenditures. The PINTEC 2014 edition included in its policy module a new question about public procurement related to firms’ innovative activities. The paper uses this information to define a treated sample composed by firms that participated in public procurement with innovative attributes. The paper builds a control sample through coarsened exact matching and tests the effect of innovation-related public procurement on firms’ private R&D to sales ratio. The results suggest a positive impact of public procurement of innovation on R&D intensity. Data also shows that most firms involved in PPI are small and belong to low-technology sectors. These features disclose an important characteristic of the public procurement of innovation: its ability to target small firms and contribute to local development.
This paper analyzes changes in the Brazilian productive structure and in ownership structures of leading companies during the 1990s. It uses information from balance sheets published in Gazeta Mercantil and from the Thomson Financial Securities Data database on M&A. The main findings are: (i) the sectoral distribution of leading companies has remained stable; (ii) there has been a strong change in the ownership structure in Brazil, with an increase in the participation of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the sample of leading companies; (iii) this increase in participation may be partially, though not integrally, explained by M&A transactions; (iv) though the M&A process has been quite intensive in the period, productive concentration has decreased among the group of leading companies; and (v) acquiring firms have adopted specializing strategies during the period. This trend is even clearer when private national enterprises (PNEs) are examined separately.
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