Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, and mortality has remained the same for the past 50 years, despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Because significant numbers of patients present with advanced or incurable stages, patients with pre-malignant lesions (adenomatous polyps) that occur as result of genetic inheritance or age should be screened, and patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease should undergo surveillance. There are different risk groups for CRC, as well as different screening strategies. It remains to be determined which screening protocol is the most cost-effective for each risk catagory. The objective of screening is to reduce morbidity and mortality in a target population. The purpose of this review is to analyze the results of the published CRC screening studies, with regard to the measured reduction of morbidity and mortality, due to CRC in the studied populations, following various screening procedures. The main screening techniques, used in combination or alone, include fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy. Evidence from the published literature on screening methods for specific risk groups is scanty and frequently does not arise from controlled studies. Nevertheless, data from these studies, combined with recent advances in molecular genetics, certainly lead the way to greater efficacy and lower cost of CRC screening.
Resumo: O presente artigo visa discutir a importância da utilização de fitoterápicos para tratamento de doenças relacionadas ao trato digestório. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar quais plantas poderiam ser utilizadas com benefícios a esta região corpórea e averiguar em que medida poderiam apresentar toxicidade ao corpo humano. Neste momento, chegou-se ao número de sete plantas fitoterápicas, com seus benefícios elencados. Palavras-chave: Fitoterápicos, plantas medicinais, doenças. Abstract: This paper discusses the importance of using herbal medicines to treat diseases related to the digestive tract. Therefore, we used bibliographical research to identify which plants could be used with benefits to this body region and ascertain to what extent could be toxic to the human body. At this time, it came to the number seven herbal plants with its listed benefits. Introdução Quando é abordada a importância das plantas para o Planeta Terra, comumente se enfoca principalmente a sua participação no ciclo do oxigênio, onde há conversão do gás carbônico em gás oxigênio, necessário para a respiração da maioria dos seres vivos. Entretanto, as plantas também podem ser utilizadas como fitoterápicos, na forma de chás, compressas, infusões, macerações, ingestão, banhos, por exemplo, em tratamentos medicinais e até hoje essa cultura é utilizada, sendo na sua maioria passada dos pais para os filhos.
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