Introduction There is a need for specific measures to address overall care in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Physical resistance training (PRT) has been shown to improve certain body parameters. However, the effect of PRT on the sexual function of PCOS women has not been evaluated. Aim The study aimed to assess sexual function and emotional status of PCOS women after 16 weeks of PRT. Methods This case-control study involved 43 women with PCOS and 51 control ovulatory women, aged 18–37 years. All women were subjected to a supervised PRT protocol for 16 weeks and evaluated at the end of the program. Sexual function was assessed at baseline and after PRT protocol. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measure used was the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Results Of the 43 women with PCOS, 30 (69.70%) had a basal total FSFI score ≤ 26.55 and 24 of them (58.54%) had a score ≤ 26.55 after PRT (P = 0.08). Of the 51 control women, 32 (62.7%) and 27 (52.9%) had FSFI scores < 26.55 at baseline and after PRT, respectively (P = 0.06). Control women experienced a significant improvement in pain domain score after PRT (P < 0.03). PCOS women experienced significant increases in total score and in the desire, excitement and lubrication domains after PRT (P < 0.01 each). After PRT, there was a significant difference between the PCOS and control groups in the sexual desire domain (4.09 ± 1.29 vs. 3.75 ± 1.42, P = 0.04). Significantly fewer women in the PCOS group were at risk of depression (P < 0.01) and anxiety (P < 0.02) after than before PRT, whereas the differences in the control group were not significant. Mean depression and anxiety scores were reduced significantly in both the PCOS (P < 0.01 each) and control (P < 0.01) groups. Conclusions PRT significantly enhanced total score and the desire, excitement, and lubrication domains of the FSFI in PCOS women. PRT reduced pain, and total depression and anxiety scores in both groups.

Progressive resistance training had positive effects on the hormonal and physical characteristics of women with PCOS and controls, but telomere content was reduced and homocysteine level increased in all participants.

The aim of this study was to compare metabolic parameters, body composition (BC) and muscle strength of women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This was a case-control study that evaluated 40 women with PCOS and 40 controls. Androgens and insulin resistance were measured. BC was based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Isometric handgrip and maximal dynamic muscle strength (1-RM) strength tests were performed. Median total testosterone (p < 0.01), free androgen index (p < 0.01), insulin (p < 0.01) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (p = 0.02) were higher and sex hormone binding globulin (SBHG) (p = 0.04) was lower in the PCOS group. Normoweight women with PCOS had higher percentages of android body fat. However, the prevalence of android fat distribution was higher in the PCOS than in the control group (p = 0.04). The strength 1-RM in bench press (p < 0.01), muscle strength relative to lean muscle mass in the dominant lower limb (p = 0.04) and isometric handgrip strength tests (p = 0.03) was higher in the PCOS group. PCOS was a determinant of strength in the bench press exercise (p = 0.04). The hyperandrogenism was a predictor of increased strength in biceps curl exercises (p = 0.03) in the dominant lower limb (p = 0.02) and isometric handgrip strength (p = 0.03). In conclusion, women with PCOS have greater muscle strength and a higher prevalence of central obesity, but no difference in BC. Muscle strength may be related to high androgen levels in these women.

Purpose Aerobic exercises may improve quality of life (QoL) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is no data on the effect of resistance exercise training (RET) programs on the QoL of women with PCOS. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of a 16-week RET program on QoL in PCOS women. Methods This 16-week case-control study enrolled 43 women with PCOS (PCOS group, PCOSG) and 51 healthy pre-menopausal controls aged 18 to 37 years (control group, CG). All women underwent a supervised RET program for 16 weeks, and were evaluated in two different occasions: week-0 (baseline), and week-16 (after RET). Quality of life was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results Testosterone reduced significantly in both groups after RET (p < 0.01). The PCOSG had improvements in functional capacity at week-16 relative to week-0 (p = 0.02). The CG had significant improvements in vitality, social aspects, and mental health at week-16 relative to week-0 (p ≤ 0.01). There was a weak correlation between social aspects of the SF-36 domain and testosterone levels in PCOS women. Conclusion A 16-week RET program modestly improved QoL in women with PCOS.

The pain was more intense in patients classified as types III, IV, or V of Sugaya's classification. The postoperative appearance of the supraspinatus tendon was not correlated with the Constant and UCLA scales. The occurrence of type II, the most prevalent, decreased over time, whereas the occurrence of type I increased; these differences were not significant. Level de evidence: prospective cohort evaluation-level III.

The aim was to report on a rare case of osteochondroma of the left ischium, which evolved with compression of the sciatic nerve, thus causing sciatic pain in the homolateral lower limb. The patient was female and presented sciatic pain that was treated clinically for one year. However, the pain evolved with increasing intensity and worsened with hip movement. This was associated with diminished motor force and paresthesia of the homolateral lower limb. Radiological investigation of the region showed a bone lesion in the external portion of the left ischium, in the path of the sciatic nerve. Tomographic reconstruction showed cortical continuity with the bone of origin, i.e., a pattern characteristic of osteochondroma. En-bloc resection of the lesion was performed using the Kocher-Langerbeck route, and the anatomopathological analysis proved that it was an osteochondroma. The patient's neurological symptoms improved and, after two months of follow-up, she remained asymptomatic and without any signs of recurrence. Since osteochondroma is the commonest benign bone tumor, it should be taken into consideration in the diagnostic investigation of compressive tumor lesions that could affect the sciatic nerve.

A 75-year-old male patient with recurrent biliary colics attends the emergency service because of right upper-quadrant abdominal pain and fever for two days. The patient experiences pain when palpated on the right hypochondrium, with Murphy's sign and a temperature of 38 ºC. Laboratory studies revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia (15,000 leukocytes/mm 3 , 80% neutrophils) with hepatic enzymes and normal pancreatic amylase. An initial ultrasound exam was performed, which showed evidence of acute cholecystitis with distended gallbladder, cholelithiasis, sludge, and diffuse thickening of the gallbladder wall (Fig. 1). Adjacent to the gallbladder a heterogeneous collection compatible with an abscess was seen, which communicated with the gallbladder through a break on the wall that was interpreted as a gallbladder perforation with communicating pericholecystic abscess (Fig. 2). Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT confirmed the pericholecystic abscess, the thickening of the gallbladder wall, and an infundibular gallstone. A dilation of the distal common bile duct could also be seen. The perforation of the gallbladder wall was not demonstrated by means of this procedure (Fig. 3). The patient, waiting for elective surgery, was treated with antibiotics, which improved the patient's clinical condition.

Objective To evaluate postoperative epidemiological and functional factors in patients operated to treat duplicate thumb.Methods This retrospective case series evaluated 20 patients (23 thumbs) treated from January 2012 to December 2016 at our service. Epidemiological and clinical factors were studied, including Tada score.Results Of the 34 children who were treated surgically, only 20 appeared for the functional evaluation and were included in the study. Of the operated cases, 60% were Wassel type 4. All evaluated cases had good functional results (Tada score ≥5, mean score: 6.65). The most frequently used surgical technique was resection of the radial thumb with reconstruction of the radial collateral ligament (47.8% of cases).Conclusion Surgical correction of duplicated thumb yields good results, as long as attention is paid to abnormalities in bones, ligaments, and tendons. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.