production under open-field pollination. An analysis of variance of these traits revealed the superiority of cultivar Fakir for vegetative and seed production. The local varieties showed a better winter growth, a quick start in the spring and a earlier flowering time while keeping a good level of frost tolerance. This is a very interesting trait for the farming systems in these regions, because it allows grazing during the winter which is complementary to the alfalfa cultivars used. Sainfoin shows a large variability for aftermath flowering. The differences between the 2 types of growth, '1 cut' and '2 cuts', are highly significant. The '1 cut' local varieties are less productive and show a low persistency. This is the contrary of what is generally observed by farmers. This could be due to the frequency of cutting (3-4 cuts during the growing season) which is the normal rate for the 2 cuts' types. In these regions '1 cut' local vari-* Correspondance et tirés à part eties are usually grazed in spring and autumn, with a rest period during the summer. Principal component analysis was carried out to identify clusters of homogeneous behaviour. Firstly, there is a definite separation between the '1 cut' and '2 cuts' types and between the cultivars and local varieties. This confirms the originality of these local varieties. A hierarchical clustering method on the first 4 components was used to separate the different groups. A partition into 6 clusters was chosen. Each cluster was described by means of the different traits and compared with the other clusters. The genetic resources of sainfoin are very difficult to preserve, because this species is allogamous, self-incompatible, requires insect pollination, and its seeds have a low viability (5-8 years), even in a cold chamber. These clusters were used to build some 'genetic pools' to preserve the local varieties collected.
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