Summary
Regulation of fiscal responsibility is an integral part of the Constitution in several European states. Among these states there is also Slovakia, which passed a special constitutional law on fiscal responsibility in 2011 and established the Fiscal Responsibility Council as an independent constitutional institution. This constitutional law was followed by a new constitutional amendment in 2020, which enshrines the explicit obligation for the State to protect the long-term sustainability of its economy through transparency and efficiency in the spending of public funds. In this context, this article analyzes the normative scope of this constitutional framework and its effects in practice, as well as the theoretical possibilities of its applicability in proceedings before the Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic.
Summary
The main aim of this chapter is to make a brief and comprehensive overview of various events of crises across the EU member states that arose in the period from the adoption of the Lisbon Treaty until the end of year 2020. The chapter first, examines the period of crisis in the EU after the adoption of Lisbon Treaty and before BREXIT which includes: economic and debt crisis, euro-zone crisis, Ukrainian crisis and migration crisis. The next part of the chapter looks at BREXIT as “another serious test for the EU”. In the third stage, the chapter looks at the most recent crisis the EU is facing as a consequence of global spread of COVID19 virus in the world and examines various options for further potential cooperation of member states in this new area. In this part chapter looks at the scope of EU competences and explores measures adopted by the EU since the beginning of the pandemic. In its conclusions the chapter looks at various options and scenarios of further potential developments the “European union on crossroads” at the end of year 2020. This includes reflections on various (and often contradictory) views and arguments on the shape of future euro integration process.
Les trajectoires étatiques des États du groupe de Višegrad présentent un certain nombre de similitudes. Leur inclusion historique dans les grands Empires d’Europe centrale, leur convergence vers le modèle de l’État-nation puis les aménagements contemporains de son rôle à l’ère de la mondialisation permettent d’expliquer le rapport particulier qu’ils entretiennent avec la notion de souveraineté. Une analyse socio-historique de l’évolution du rôle de l’État dans le groupe de Višegrad permet d’expliquer leur attachement à une souveraineté nationale récemment retrouvée et la relation particulière qu’ils entretiennent avec la construction européenne.
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