Abstract. In this work, various Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery models are evaluated according to their accuracy, complexity and physical interpretability. An initial classification into physical, empirical and abstract models is introduced. Also known as "white", "black" and "grey" boxes, respectively, the nature and characteristics of these model types are compared. Since the Li-ion battery cell is a thermo-electrochemical system, the models are either in the thermal or in the electrochemical state-space. Physical models attempt to capture key features of the physical process inside the cell. Empirical models describe the system with empirical parameters offering poor analytical, whereas abstract models provide an alternative representation.In addition, a model selection guideline is proposed based on applications and design requirements. A complex model with a detailed analytical insight is of use for battery designers but impractical for real-time applications and in situ diagnosis. In automotive applications, an abstract model reproducing the battery behavior in an equivalent but more practical form, mainly as an equivalent circuit diagram, is recommended for the purpose of battery management. As a general rule, a trade-off should be reached between the high fidelity and the computational feasibility. Especially if the model is embedded in a real-time monitoring unit such as a microprocessor or a FPGA, the calculation time and memory requirements rise dramatically with a higher number of parameters.Moreover, examples of equivalent circuit models of Lithium-ion batteries are covered. Equivalent circuit topologies are introduced and compared according to the previously introduced criteria. An experimental sequence to model a 20 Ah cell is presented and the results are used for the purposes of powerline communication.

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. one who wishes to get a clearer insight into the essence of things American and the conspicuous influences that are helping to shape the destinies of the Western peoples. The Alaska Boundary. By Professor George Davidson. 235 pp. and 2 charts. Alaska Packers' Association, San Francisco, 9po3. This extended paper was completed by Professor Davidson three months before the Alaska Boundary Tribunal announced its decision in October last. It is an historical, geographical, and critical examination of the whole boundary question. The result of comprehensive and scientific research, it is gratifying that Professor Davidson's work has been put into book form, for it is a compact, well arranged, learned, and, on the whole, a judicial treatment of one of the most important diplomatic questions in our history. A chart exhibits the lisiere, as claimed by the parties in the dispute, and another shows the relation of Portland-Channel to Pearse Channel and the awarded boundary. Wanderungen und Forschungen im Nord-Hinterland von Kamerun. By Franz Hutter. pp. xii and 578, 130 illustrations, including many photographs and 2 maps. Fr ierich Vieweg &" Son, Brunswick, I902. (Price, x5 marks.) This book is a summing up of experiences, impressions, and scientific observations during the last official explorations in the northern hinterland of Kamerun in 189I-1893. For a long time

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A 664 × 664 element Active Pixel image Sensor (APS) with integrated analog signal processing, full frame synchronous shutter and random access for applications in star sensors is presented and discussed. A thick vertical diode array in Thin Film on CMOS (TFC) technology is explored to achieve radiation hardness and maximum fill factor.