Recent advances in X-ray sources have led to a renaissance in spectroscopic techniques in the X-ray region. These techniques that involve the excitation of core electrons can provide an atom specific probe of electronic structure and provide powerful analytical tools that are used in many fields of research. Theoretical calculations can often play an important role in the analysis and interpretation of experimental spectra. In this perspective, we review recent developments in quantum chemical calculations of X-ray absorption spectra, focusing on the use of time-dependent density functional theory to study core excitations. The practical application of these calculations is illustrated with examples drawn from surface science and bioinorganic chemistry, and the application of these methods to study X-ray emission spectroscopy is explored.

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Time dependent density functional theory study of the near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure of benzene in gas phase and on metal surfaces Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements (XANES) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements (EXAFS) of the valence state and coordination of antimony in doped nanocrystalline SnO 2 A new spectroelectrochemical cell to investigate the structure of Pt/Au nanoclusters using Pt and Au K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements under the electrochemical conditions is developed. K-edge XAFS measurements for Pt and Au require a sample as thick as 1-2 cm, which prevents homogeneous potential distribution. We can measure in situ Pt and Au K-edge XAFS spectra and determine reasonable electrochemical surface areas using our developed spectroelectrochemical cell. This work provides a new approach to analyze Pt/Au core-shell nanoclusters. The new cell is designed to be applied to both spectra with high absorption-edge energies such as the K-edge of Pt and Au and those with low absorption-edge energy such as Pt Ledge. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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A mixture of nine spices consisting of nutmeg, ginger, cumin, pandanus, lemongrass, cinnamon, cloves, bay leaves and white turmeric is one of the innovations in the use of plants which are commonly used as cooking spices processed into herbs for traditional medicine. Previous studies reported that nine spices tea has the properties and benefits of lowering blood sugar levels for patients with Type II diabetes and able to reduce blood pressure for high blood pressure (hypertension). To inform the community of the benefits of nine spices tea to be used as a health drink for families, socialization and practice of the Nine Spices tea making have been carried out for housewives gathered of GKI Bethesda Maribu. Maribu village, located in Sentani Barat District, was chosen as the location of the socialization because, based on interviews and health data, there were cases of diabetes and hypertension that had been reported. The result obtained from this activity is that there has been a transfer of knowledge about processing spices into traditional medicine. The community testified that making nine spices tea and consume it at home benefit for their health.Keywords: Maribu, Testimoni, traditional medicine