Landsat 8 is the first satellite in the Landsat mission to acquire spectral imagery of the Earth using pushbroom sensor instruments. As a result, there are almost 70,000 unique detectors on the Operational Land Imager (OLI) alone to monitor. Due to minute variations in manufacturing and temporal degradation, every detector will exhibit a different behavior when exposed to uniform radiance, causing a noticeable striping artifact in collected imagery. Solar collects using the OLI's on-board solar diffuser panels are the primary method of characterizing detector level non-uniformity. This paper reports on an approach for using a side-slither maneuver to estimate relative detector gains within each individual focal plane module (FPM) in the OLI. A method to characterize cirrus band detector-level non-uniformity using deep convective clouds (DCCs) is also presented. These approaches are discussed, and then, correction results are compared with the diffuser-based method. Detector relative gain stability is assessed using the side-slither technique. Side-slither relative gains were found to correct streaking in test imagery with quality comparable to diffuser-based gains (within 0.005% for VNIR/PAN; 0.01% for SWIR) and identified a 0.5% temporal drift over a year. The DCC technique provided relative gains that visually decreased striping over the operational calibration in many images.
The Operational Land Imager (OLI) aboard the LDCM satellite was rigorously radiometrically characterized prior to launch to assure absolute calibration that is NIST traceable. On orbit additional dedicated calibration collects are being made to continue monitoring and characterizing the OLI radiometric performance. In this paper we report on the OLI on-orbit uniformity performance, which is a natural extension of the absolute radiometric accuracy. Such performance characteristic in remote sensing instruments is assuring that the radiometric accuracy in low contrast images is preserved while avoiding non-uniformity artifacts in the produced radiometric product. The LDCM project science team working with the instrument teams developed a performance metric to monitor the uniformity performance. We will describe the uniformity performance metric and discuss associated error sources in obtaining the radiometric calibration parameters that impact the uniformity correction. We will compare the uniformity performance between solar diffuser observation and earth data.
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