RESUMO -ABSTRACT -Knowledge of genetic variability is of fundamental importance in the identification of superior genotypes when starting a breeding program for crops in general. The aim was to evaluate genetic variability in 38 genotypes of early-cycle, erect cowpea using RAPD and ISSR markers. The material came from the Germplasm Bank of the Federal University of Ceará and the cowpea breeding program of Embrapa Meio Norte. The DNA extractions were carried out following the Doyle and Doyle protocol. Ten RAPD primers generated 71 polymorphic bands (88.75%) with 7.1 markers per primer, whereas nine ISSR primers produced 47 polymorphic bands (75.81%) with 5.22 markers per primer. With cluster analysis, the EC-748 genotype was seen to be distinct from the others, and the AU 94-MOB-816 and UCR 95-701 genotypes showed the highest degree of similarity among those under evaluation. The RAPD and ISSR markers were efficient in detecting polymorphism between genotypes of early-cycle, erect cowpea.
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de feijão caupi, colhidas em quatro regiões do Estado do Ceará. Foram utilizadas sementes das cultivares Sempre verde, Setentão, Patativa, Pingo de ouro, Aparecido e Epace-10. Essas sementes foram produzidas nos municípios cearenses de Quixadá, Pentecoste, Limoeiro do Norte e Morada Nova, durante o ano de 2004. Foram realizados os teste de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência e de condutividade elétrica. Para a maioria das cultivares testadas, as sementes produzidas em Pentecoste e Limoeiro do Norte apresentaram qualidade fisiológica superior quando comparada com aquelas produzidas em Quixadá e Morada Nova; As sementes das cultivares Sempre Verde, Setentão, Pingo de Ouro e Aparecido obtiveram desempenho superior, as da cultivar Epace-10 desempenho intermediário e as da Patativa, desempenho inferior.
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