There was no difference in the success rate between the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve and ECP in refractory glaucoma. The eyes that underwent Ahmed tube shunt implantation had more complications than those treated with ECP.

The VFQ may be a useful tool to assess the quality of life in glaucoma patients. The preliminary results indicate that age and visual acuity in the better eye are the main factors related to the quality of life in these patients.

The Ibopamine provocative test may be an auxiliary test in glaucoma diagnosis. Concurrent use of prostaglandin analogues reduces the test's sensitivity.

Phacoemulsification associated with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation is safe and effective as a primary procedure for combined glaucoma and cataract.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) in the treatment of refractory glaucomas. Methods: The preoperative and postoperative courses of 539 eyes of 539 patients with refractory glaucoma who underwent ECP and had a minimum 5 years follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon (FEL). Eyes that were included had undergone at least one incisional glaucoma surgery and had intraocular pressure (IOP) equal to or above 35 mmHg on maximum tolerated medical therapy, and a visual acuity better than light perception. Success was defined as IOP greater than 6 mmHg and lower than 22 mmHg after 5 years postoperatively, with or without topical anti-hypertensive therapy. ECP included 210° of the ciliary body, corresponding to 2 to 9 hours in the right eye and from 3 to 10 hours in the left eye, including the anterior third of the pars plana. Results: The mean follow-up was 88.9 + 10.3 months (range 60 to 108 months). Mean preoperative IOP was 38.1 ± 6.5 mmHg, and postoperative IOP was 12.1 ± 3.4 mmHg, with or without topical antiglaucomatous medication (p<0.05). The mean number of glaucoma medications used by each patient was reduced from 3.9 + 1.2 preoperatively to 1.9 + 1.4 postoperatively (p< 0.05). Best corrected visual acuity was stable or improved postoperatively in 407 eyes (95.3%) while 20 eyes (4.7%) lost 2 or more lines of Snellen acuity. The success rate at 12 and 60 months were, 92.5% and 79% respectively. KaplanMeier survival analysis showed an overall probability of success at 60 months of 71.5%. Complications included fibrin exudation in 116 eyes (21.5%), hyphema in 58 eyes (10.7%), choroidal detachment in 31 eyes (5.7%), phthisis in 13 eyes (2.4%), retinal detachment in 8 eyes (1.4%) and hypotony in 7 eyes (1.2%).Conclusion: These results suggest that ECP is a safe and effective therapeutic modality for refractory glaucomas after a long-term follow-up.

No abstract

Précis: Double-session micropulse transscleral laser was an effective and safe treatment strategy for eyes that have not undergone glaucoma surgery previously. Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of double-session micropulse transscleral laser (MP3) as a primary treatment modality for glaucoma. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent MP3 therapy with double sessions in each hemifield, with a follow-up period of at least 6 months, were retrospectively considered. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: GI (no previous glaucoma surgery) and GII (with previous glaucoma surgery). Success was defined by either achieving a final intraocular pressure (IOP) between 6 and 18 mm Hg and an IOP reduction of >20%, or a minimum 50% reduction in the number of glaucoma medications, at the last visit, without any serious complications. Results: Eighty-four eyes were included in the GI group and 101 in the GII group, with the latter demonstrating relatively higher preoperative IOP (31.1±5.4 vs. 26.2±6.9 mm Hg, P<0.001). Final IOP (14.9±5.2 vs. 13.6±4.1 mm Hg, P=0.06), average MP3 treatment time (358.0±50.7 vs. 362.7±67.8 s, P=0.5), and follow-up duration (10.8±5.1 vs. 12.3±5.4 mo, P=0.06) were similar between the groups. The percentage reduction with regard to glaucoma medication was higher in GI than in GII (49.1±28.8 vs. 38.8±30.1%, P=0.02). GI underwent fewer MP3 procedures than GII (1.2±0.5 vs. 1.5±0.8, P=0.002). No hypotony or phthisis bulbi was observed in GI (1 and 2 in GII, respectively). Procedural success was noted in 92.9% of the cases in GI and 87.1% in GII. Conclusions: Double-session MP3 therapy could be considered as a safe and effective procedure to treat glaucoma in eyes that have not undergone any previous glaucoma surgery. Primary eyes achieved a success-rate similar to those with refractory glaucoma with fewer MP3 procedures and fewer glaucoma medications.

Este ensaio apresenta reflexões a respeito da trajetória docente, reunindo fundamentos para pensar por que ensino como ensino, destacando os fios condutores de uma caminhada, apresentando contextos e narrativas que compreendem desde a formação inicial e atuação no magistério a atuação como professor formador de professores de matemática no IFCE campus de Cedro. Fundamentado em autores que dialogam sobre a formação de professores e suas necessidades formativas, Gòmez (1992), Zeichner (1993), Schnetzler (2000, Contreras (2002), Tardif (2002 foi possível pensar sobre a docência como espaço de aprendizagem e atuação profissional do professor, os quais exigem atenção frente às demandas da atualidade. Faz--se necessário (re)pensar a formação de professores na perspectiva da racionalidade prática, como espaço de ação e campo de aprendizagem contínua da docência, onde o professor formador deve trabalhar partindo da análise da prática docente para compreender os mecanismos e dispositivos mobilizados pelo professor durante sua ação profissional, examinando o que faz, por que o faz e como pode transformar o que faz(re) construindo--se continuamente.PALAVRAS--CHAVE: aprendizagem da docência, docência, professor formador, ensino.