We present a simple and inexpensive experimental setup that can determine the thermal fluctuations near a superconducting transition. By using equipment common in undergraduate laboratories, the in-plane dc electrical resistivity of a cuprate superconductor as a function of temperature is measured with resolution sufficient to analyze the fluctuation conductivity above the superconducting critical temperature, including the values of the critical exponents. We also present a simple calculation of the fluctuation conductivity, including its dependence on the layered structure of the material, within the Gaussian–Ginzburg–Landau formalism.
El objetivo de este artículo es proponer una trayectoria de formación para personal directivo de instituciones educativas en la perspectiva de la cuarta revolución industrial. Esta se sustenta teóricamente en una revisión documental sobre industria 4.0 y metodológicamente en el ciclo de la política (Schwab, 2016; Aguilar, 1993). A partir de los resultados obtenidos, es posible aportar a la construcción de perfil directivo, capaz de renovar su gestión y tomar decisiones que respondan a la agenda de transformación institucional y a las demandas del sector productivo. En conclusión, la propuesta realizada se aplicó en el Instituto Politécnico Nacional o IPN, una institución mexicana de nivel medio y superior, y se comparte para que instituciones homólogas la extrapolen, dialoguen o modifiquen, según su contexto.
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