Studies about affect changes during the menstrual cycle and the role of hormones in these changes have yielded contradictory results. Often research has focused on the pre-menstrual phase, with few studies paying specific attention to the affect changes around ovulation. In this research thirty women completed a daily questionnaire measuring the positive and negative affect during their menstrual cycle. These women were divided in two groups: hormonally-contracepting and naturally-cycling. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was used to measure the affect. A Digital Ovulation Test was used to determine the day of ovulation in the participants not taking hormonal contraceptives by measuring the Luteinizing Hormone peak. The differences in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) between groups were examined. The results indicate that during the ovulatory phase, PA scores are significantly higher in naturally-cycling women than hormonally-contracepting women.
ResumenEl surgimiento de las técnicas de biofeedback, ha sido uno de los fenómenos más importantes ocurridos en este siglo en el campo de la psicología clínica. No sólo se ha demostrado la posibilidad de aplicar las técni-cas operantes al aprendizaje de funciones autonómicas y viscerales, sino también la posibilidad de aplicar estas técnicas, con fines de intervención terapéutica en multitud de trastornos psicosomáticos.Este artículo pretende ofrecer una visión histórica general sobre los inicios y evolución de las técnicas de biofeeback, hasta la actualidad, aportando una revisión bibliográfica sobre las diferentes técnicas de biofeedback y sus aplicaciones clínicas en distintos trastornos: estrés, migrañas, cefaleas tensionales, dolores, hipertensión, enfermedad de Rainaud, etc.Palabras clave. Biofeedback, respuestas psicofisiológicas.
AbstractThe emergence of biofeedback techniques has been one of the most important phenomena that has taken place in the last century in the field of clinical psychology. It has been proved the possibilities of applying operant techniques not only to the learning of autonomous and visceral functions, but also to apply them for therapeutic purposes in many psychosomatic dysfunctions.This article purports to offer a historical and general perspective of the outset and technical evolution of the biofeedback, until today by means of an intemized bibliographical review of the main clinical applications in different disorders such as stress, migraine, headache, pains, hypertension, sickness of Raynaud, etc.
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