The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of tactical and contextual indicators on achieving offensive penetration and scoring opportunities in English Premier League (EPL) soccer matches. A total of 1971 team possessions from 20 random matches were evaluated by means of multidimensional observation. The EPL matches had a great proportion of fast attacks (36.0%) followed by combinative (29.6%), direct attacks (24.1%) and counterattacks (9.5%). Multilevel logistic regression models revealed that counterattacks (OR = 3.428; 95% CI: 2.004-5.864; P<0.001) were more effective to create goal scoring opportunities than combinative attacks, while direct attacks showed to be less effective (OR = 0.472; 95% CI: 0.264-0.845; P<0.05). Playing at home increased the probability (OR = 1.530; 95% CI: 1.097-2.135; P<0.05) of creating goal scoring opportunities compared with playing away. These findings show the multifactorial character of soccer and how different contextual and tactical indicators can influence the creation of offensive penetration and goal scoring opportunities in the English Premier League.
Highlights: An efficient CFD approach for the computation of flutter derivatives is presented. Relationships between flutter derivatives allow halving the number of simulations. Successfully applied at a ratio 4.9:1 rectangular cylinder and the G1 box section. Great potential in industrial applications and shape optimal design problems.
Highlights (for review)
16It has been found that the proposed methodology offers results which agree well with the 17 experimental data and the accuracy of the estimated flutter derivatives is similar to the results
18reported in the literature where the complete set of numerical simulations has been performed for
19both heave and pitch degrees of freedom.20 21
In this work the practical applicability of a 2D URANS approach adopting a block structured mesh and Menter's SST k-ω turbulence model in fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems is studied using as a test case a ratio B/H = 4 rectangular cylinder. The vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and torsional flutter phenomena are analyzed based on the computation of the out-of-phase and in-phase components of the forced frequency component of lift and moment coefficients when the section is forced to periodically oscillate both in heave and pitch degrees of freedom. Also the flutter derivatives are evaluated numerically from the same forced oscillation simulations. A good general agreement has been found with both experimental and numerical data reported in the literature. This highlights the benefits of this relatively simple and straightforward approach. These methods, once their feasibility has been checked, are ready to use in parametric design of bridge deck sections and, at a later stage, in the shape optimization of deck girders considering aeroelastic constraints.
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