Objective: The present study sought to assess whether any statistically significant differences exist between evaluations conducted by medical doctors and those by social workers within the National Social Security Institute (INSS), regarding identification of disability using the adapted Brazilian functionality index to grant retirement. Method To do this, an analytical investigation was done using the official INSS database for the period from October 2013 to January 2016, regarding evaluations to confirm disability among workers who were insured through the INSS. The analysis was conducted using the R software, version 3.4.1. A concordance index, significance analysis and the Pearson correlation test were applied. The sensitivity and specificity of the evaluations made by doctors, by social workers and by both were calculated. Arating index was obtained by dividing the result from the doctors’ evaluations by the result from the social workers’ evaluations. Results The correlation analysis using the R software showed that there was no statistical difference between the evaluations conducted by medical doctors and social workers. However, differences were observed in relation to calculation of the sensitivity of the evaluations, and in the analyses on the rating index and standard deviation between the doctors’ and social workers’ evaluations, especially in the domains of sensory function, domestic life and education, work and economic life. Conclusions This study demonstrated that there is a difference between evaluations conducted by medical experts and by social workers, which can be explained in terms of each professional’s interpretation of what is defined in the manual. The criteria used to define the rules for obtaining the benefit should be discussed. We highlight that the prerequisite for identifying a disability is that an impairment should be characterized by means of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), which is a medical prerogative.
ARTIGO ORIGINAL RESUMO | Contexto:O conhecimento e a utilização de metodologias de epidemiologia clínica no cenário atual da prática da medicina do trabalho pode ser um diferencial importante para o profissional que atua no setor. Frequentemente, o médico solicita testes ou encontra-se diante de resultados de exames, devendo decidir sobre a validade ou não de um diagnóstico realizado por colegas, muitas vezes, de outras especialidades. O eletroencefalograma (EEG) é um desses exemplos. A Associação Nacional de Medicina do Trabalho/Associação Médica Brasileira (ANAMT/AMB) publicou, em 2016, a diretriz "Epilepsia e Trabalho", visando orientar seus associados. Nessa diretriz não recomenda a utilização do eletroencefalograma no rastreamento da epilepsia. Objetivos: O presente artigo pretende discutir a utilização da razão de verossimilhança (RV) na avaliação clínica de exames médicos, notadamente no EEG, objetivando comparar os resultados obtidos com essa metodologia da medicina baseada em evidências. Métodos: Inicialmente, realizou-se uma busca bibliográ-fica em relação à RV na literatura clássica da medicina baseada em evidência. Posteriormente, fez-se a leitura da diretriz e das referências bibliográficas nela citadas, retirando os elementos importantes para o cálculo da RV. Após calcular a RV, realizou-se a comparação dos resultados. Resultados: Foram obtidas RV entre 2,36 e 43,5% dependendo da metodologia de realização do EEG (inicial ou sequencial). Conclusões: O EEG não mostrou ser importante no rastreamento da epilepsia, sempre tendo valor menor do que a percentagem de falso-positivos, mesmo nos casos em que se considera a especificidade de 98,0%, corroborando as recomendações da diretriz. Palavras-chave | epilepsia; rastreamento; eletroencefalografia; estatísticas de assistência médica. ABSTRACT | Background:Knowledge of and use of clinical epidemiology methods within the current scenario of occupational medicine practice might make a difference for the professionals who work in this field. Doctors frequently request or receive the results of tests and must decide on the validity or not of diagnoses made by colleagues, often from other specialties. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one example of this situation. In 2016 the National Association of Occupational Medicine/Brazilian Medical Association (ANAMT/ AMB) published the "Epilepsy and Work" guideline to orient its members, which does not recommend EEG for screening. Objectives: The present article discusses the use of likelihood ratio (LR) for clinical evaluation of medical tests, especially EEG, aiming at comparing the results obtained by means of this evidence-based medicine method. Methods: First a literature search on LR was conducted in the classical literature of evidence-based medicine. Next, the ANAMT/AMB guideline and its bibliographic references were analyzed, and relevant elements for the calculation of LR were extracted. LRs were calculated and the results were compared. Results: The LR values varied from 2.36 to 43.5% according to the EEG meth...
ARTIGO ORIGINALRESUMO | Contexto: O conhecimento teórico do médico do trabalho em relação ao gerenciamento dos casos de uso, abuso e dependência de álcool e drogas no local de trabalho é um fator preocupante, tendo em vista o grande crescimento desta prática no Brasil. Objetivos: O presente artigo visa avaliar o conhecimento dos médicos do trabalho sobre o tema, objetivando ações de melhoria nesta área de atuação. Tais ações podem ser realizadas pelos cursos de formação e por instituições ligadas à área. Métodos: Foi realizada uma questão aberta em relação ao tema na Prova de Título de Especialista em Medicina do Trabalho de 2012, cujos resultados foram estudados e discutidos através de metodologia de correção desenvolvida pelos autores. Resultados: A média de conhecimento sobre o tema ficou em 4,26, em uma escala de 0 a 10. Conclusões: O estudo sugere que o conhecimento pericial sobre o tema é precário, exigindo urgentemente ações das instituições formadoras e demais órgãos em relação a este grande problema que ocorre na prática diária. Palavras-chave | etanol; drogas ilícitas; trabalho; gerência. ABSTRACT | Context:Theoretical knowledge of an occupational physician about the management of cases of use, abuse and dependence on alcohol and drugs in the workplace is a concern. This is especially true in light of the strong growth of this problem in Brazil. Objectives: This article aims to assess physicians' knowledge on the subject to help identifyareas for improvement. Such improvements can be attained by training courses and/or participating in institutions related to the field. Methods: An open question on the topic was included in the Test for Certification in Occupational Medicine, 2012, the results of which have been studied and discussed using a correction methodology developed by the authors. Results: The average knowledge on the subject was 4.26 on a scale from 0-10. Conclusions: The study suggests that the expert knowledge on the subject matter is precarious, requiring urgent educational actions from institutions and other bodies in relation to this major problem that occurs in daily practice.
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