ResumoO espessamento de lamas no processo de beneficiamento de minério de ferro é de fundamental importância para a recuperação de água de processo, pois 75% da água é recuperada nesta etapa. Além disso, a qualidade da mesma interfere diretamente no bom desempenho das demais etapas do processo, principalmente na etapa de flotação. Vários são os parâmetros que interferem para obtenção da clarificação ideal do overflow, como: pH, dosagem de coagulantes e floculantes, percentagem de sólidos na alimentação, etc. O pH pode ser considerado o mais importante, pois a partir dele é que se determina as dosagens de coagulante e floculante referentes ao ponto ótimo de coagulação reduzindo assim os efeitos negativos na etapa de flotação. O teste de sedimentação em proveta é uma forma simples e rápida de realizar uma análise da velocidade de sedimentação e clarificação da água frente a diferentes combinações dos parâmetros citados. A Samarco resgatou e implementou na rotina dos operadores da área de espessamento a realização de testes de sedimentação em proveta com o objetivo de reduzir o tempo decorrente de coleta de material, envio ao laboratório e espera pelos resultados. Após a implementação dos testes na rotina operacional, observou-se motivação da equipe em redução de custos, embasamento teórico e assertividade na tomada de ações, diminuição de incidência de eventos de má clarificação da água overflow e diminuição do consumo de floculante em cerca de 30%. Palavras-Chave: Coagulação; Floculação; Sedimentação; Espessamento de lamas. DETERMINATION OF IDEAL PARAMETERS IN SLIME THICKENING BY INCLUSION OF SEDIMENTATION TEST WITH THE MEASURING CYLINDER IN OPERATIONAL ROUTINE AbstractThe slime thickening in iron ore beneficiation process is very important for the water recovery. Approximately 75% of the water is recovered in this step. In addition, the overflow's quality directly affects the good performance of the other stages of the process, especially in the flotation process. There are several parameters that influence on obtaining the ideal clarification of the overflow such as: pH, coagulant and flocculants dosage, percent solids in the feed. The pH can be considered the most important, once the flocculant and coagulant dosages which will lead at the optimal point of clarification are determined from it, reducing the negative effects at the flotation step. The sedimentation test with the measuring cylinder is a simple and fast way to analyse th sedimentation rate and water clarification, faced with the different combination of the related parameters. Samarco recovered and implemented the realization of sedimentation test with the measuring cylinder in routine of the operators at the thickening area, in order to reduce the delay between the sampling, sending to the laboratory and the waiting for the results. After the implementation of the tests, it was seen motivation of the team in cost savings, theoretical base and assertiveness in decision-making, decreased of poor clarification of the water events and decreased of flo...
Quien tiene a su cargo la enseñanza de la arquitectura considera varias maneras de participar en el aprendizaje, manipulando diversas herramientas pedagógicas para racionalizar y hacer más efectivo el proceso creativo de los estudiantes. Por ende, la asignatura Proyecto Arquitectónico debería convertirse en un proceso holístico y sistémico.El presente ensayo deriva de un proceso de reflexión acerca de la enseñanza de la arquitectura. Los conceptos aquí utilizados son consecuencia de la experimentación, discusión y aplicación de metodologías pedagógicas seleccionadas por el autor, con el fin de consolidar la creatividad aplicada por los estudiantes. El propósito es exponer las soluciones que se han considerado eficaces para la creación de un entorno intelectual que nutra la asignatura de Proyecto Arquitectónico, como síntesis operativa en la etapa final del grado. Dichas consideraciones forman parte del modelo educativo que se propone en el presente trabajo, el cual está estructurado en dos partes. En primera instancia se exponen las teorías pedagógicas y metodológicas aplicadas en la enseñanza de la Arquitectura que intentan respetar el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiante. Y en segundo lugar se formula la estructura de la asignatura PA, proponiendo métodos de evaluación efectivos y planteándola como una síntesis operativa en la enseñanza de la Arquitectura.Architectural projects as operative synthesis: a programmatic hypothesis Those responsible for the task of teaching architecture consider various ways of stimulating participation in learning through the use of diverse pedagogical tools in order to rationalize students’ creative processes and increase their efficacy. For this reason, the course entitled Architectural Projects should be conceived as a holistic and systemic process. This essay derives from a process of reflection on the teaching of architecture. The concepts utilized result from experimentation with, and the discussion and application of, pedagogical methodologies selected by the author in an effort to consolidate the creativity applied by students’. The proposal is to expound the solutions that have been deemed efficacious for creating an intellectual milieu that nourishes the course, as an operative synthesis in the latter stages of the study program. These considerations form part of the educational model that the essay proposes, which has a two-part structure: first, the elucidation of pedagogical and methodological theories applied in teaching architecture, which seek to respect students’ learning process; and, second, formulating the structure of the Architectural Project course itself by proposing effective methods of evaluation, and positing an operative synthesis for teaching architecture.Keywords: architecture, teaching-learning, Architectural Project
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