Copaiba oil did not change AST levels in groups studied. Analysing ALT, this oil did not change its values in animals were realized just hepatic ischemic-reperfusion, however, it had levels increase in IPCCG when compared to IPCG Between IRCG and IPCCG, ALT levels were not statistical different.

Objective: To study the effects that pneumoperitoneum achieved through carbon dioxide insufflation has on diaphragmatic excursion in pigs. Methods: A total of 14 male Landrace pigs, 30 to 45 days of age and weighing five to seven kilograms each, were used. The sample was randomly and equally divided into two groups: one (n = 7) in which pneumoperitoneum was maintained at 10 mmHg for 60 minutes; and another (n = 7) in which pneumoperitoneum was maintained at 15 mmHg (also for 60 minutes). After anesthetic induction, the animals were intubated. Flow volume was monitored, and the amplitude of diaphragmatic excursion was analyzed using noninvasive ultrasound imaging of the right hemidiaphragm. Results: In both groups, restricted diaphragmatic excursion was observed only during the procedure. There was no statistical difference between the two pressure levels studied. Conclusion: The amplitude of diaphragmatic excursion was restricted during abdominal insufflation, independent of the pressure level (within the 10-15 mmHg range), during the study period.

Objetivo: Estudar, na faixa tida como segura, as repercussões respiratórias de diferentes pressões de pneumoperitônio, com dióxido de carbono, induzido em suínos. Métodos: Foram utilizados 14 suínos machos, da raça Landrace, pesando entre cinco e sete quilos, com 30 a 45 dias de idade. A amostra foi subdividida igualitariamente em Grupo A (pneumoperitônio com 10mmHg durante 60 minutos) e Grupo B (pneumoperitônio com 15mmHg durante 60 minutos). Após a indução anestésica, os animais foram intubados, sendo monitorado o volume corrente (VC) e a saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2). Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística nos valores do VC e SpO2 antes, durante e após a indução do pneumoperitônio. Conclusão: O pneumoperitônio, nos níveis pressóricos de 10 a 15mmHg, não causou alteração significativa nos padrões respiratórios de suínos, durante o período de tempo estudado.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications of anterior approach to the cervical spine in patients who underwent cervical arthrodesis with instrumentation. METHODS: Prospective and descriptive study was conducted from January 2009 to April 2010. All patients who underwent arthrodesis of the cervical spine by anterior approach were included, regardless the diagnosis. Access was made by the anterior approach on the right side. We evaluated the number of operated levels (1, 2 or 3 levels) and, the type of procedure performed: discectomy and placement of cage and plate (D+C+P), discectomy with placement of a cage (D+C) or corpectomy with placement of cage and plate (C+C+P). All complications related to surgical approach were reported. RESULTS: We studied 34 patients, 70% male. The average age was 50 years and mean follow-up was 8 months. Eighteen percent of patients had complications, distributed as follows: dysphasia (33%) and dysphonic (67%). Among patients who developed complications, most underwent to D+C+P (83%) and no complications were found in patients where no cervical plate was used. Regarding levels, both complications were identified in patients operated to one or two levels. However, in patients operated on three levels, only dysphonia was identified. CONCLUSION: The most frequent complication was dysphonia. Patients who presented more complications were those undergoing discectomy and fusion with cage and anterior cervical plate. All cases of dysphonia were in this group. The number of accessible levels does not seem to have affected the incidence of complications.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de trauma raquimedular causado por projétil de arma de fogo nos pacientes atendidos no pronto socorro de um hospital de Curitiba (PR). MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, realizado no período de fevereiro de 2005 a julho de 2008, incluindo todos os pacientes, vitimas de lesão na coluna vertebral causada por projétil de arma de fogo (n = 54). RESULTADOS: A grande maioria dos pacientes acometidos é do sexo masculino e em idade produtiva, com média de 27,18 anos. O segmento mais afetado foi a coluna torácica, com ferimentos transfixantes e lesão ASIA A (lesão completa). A maioria dos casos foi tratada de forma conservadora. O período da semana em que houve maior incidência foi o fim e semana, com predomínio do sábado e da sexta-feira. O motivo mais comum foi assalto. CONCLUSÃO: São lesões com alto impacto no custo de saúde pública e de previdência, uma vez que são lesões de alta taxa de morbidade e acometimento predominante de pessoas em faixa etária produtiva.

ResumoHematoma subperiosteal ou céfalo-hematoma, apesar de condição conhecida em neonatos, é rara em adultos e mesmo em crianças maiores, o que levanta a suspeita de uma diferente patogênese entre as duas situações. A cronificação e a ossificação do céfalo-hematoma são condições extremamente infrequentes, com escasso material bibliográfico, e sua presença no adulto é fato inusitado na literatura. Reportamos o caso de um hematoma subperiosteal crônico de grandes proporções, ossificado, com um ano de evolução, tratado cirurgicamente, em um menino de 12 anos de idade com síndrome epiléptica e déficit cognitivo prévios. A revisão e a discussão de sua patogênese e seu tratamento foram realizadas para exposição da condição.

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to use different segments of the cervical spine in cadavers to determine how much lateral mass should be resected for adequate foraminal decompression. METHODS: Six cadavers were used. The region of the cervical spine from C1 to the C7-T1 transition was dissected and exposed. The lateral mass of each vertebra was measured bilaterally before the foraminotomy in the following segments: C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6 and C6-C7. The procedure was performed with a high-speed drill and through surgical microscopy. Three foraminotomies were performed (F1, F2, F3) in each level. Lateral masses were measured after foraminotomy procedures and compared to the initial measurement, creating a percentage of lateral mass needed for decompression.. The value of the entire surface was defined as 100%. RESULTS: There was a statistical difference between the amounts of the resected lateral mass through each foraminotomy (F1, F2, F3) at the same level. However, there was no statistical significant difference among the different levels. The average percentage of resection of the lateral masses in F2 were 27.7% at C2-C3, 24.8% at C3-C4, 24.4% at C4-C5 and 23.8% and 31.2% at C5-C6 and C6-C7, respectively. In F3, the level that needed greater resection of the lateral masses was C6-C7 level, where the average resection ranged between 41.2% and 47.9%. CONCLUSION: In all segments studied, the removal of approximately 24 to 32% of the facet joint allowed adequate exposure of the foraminal segment, with visualization of the dural sac and the exit of the cervical root.