Objetivo Evaluar el efecto de una intervención multidimensional en la percepción y el manejo de factores de riesgo intrínsecos y extrínsecos de caídas y en la frecuencia de caídas en personas mayores autovalentes que viven en la comunidad. Diseño Ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado. Emplazamiento Centro público de salud familiar, nivel primario de atención. Participantes Personas mayores autovalentes que viven en la comunidad. Intervención Intervención educativa multidimensional de visita domiciliaria y seguimiento telefónico mensual por 5 meses para el grupo intervenido (GI, n = 77) y los asignados al grupo control (GC, n = 77) atención habitual en su centro de salud. Mediciones principales Percepción de riesgo de caídas, número de factores de riesgo caídas y número de caídas en el periodo. Resultados En ambos grupos aumenta la percepción de los factores de riesgo de caídas asociadas con la deambulación (GI: p ≤ 0,001 y GC: p ≤ 0,001). Pertenecer al GI se asocia significativamente con una disminución en los factores de riesgo asociados con las superficies (r = 0,25) y los zapatos (r = 0,24); un aumento en la percepción de riesgo de caídas asociadas a la deambulación (r = 0,21) y la presencia de objetos o muebles (r = 0,36). En GI, 5 participantes (7,9%) sufrieron al menos una caída en el periodo de 5 meses y en el GC 18 (27,7%) (p = 0,004). Conclusiones La intervención multidimensional fue efectiva para reducir la frecuencia de caídas y para el manejo de factores de riesgo extrínsecos asociados con las superficies, la iluminación y los dispositivos de apoyo.
"Yo quiero amamantar a mi hijo": Develando la experiencia de mujeres que enfrentaron dificultades en su proceso de lactancia ResumenIntroducción: La lactancia materna es el método de elección para alimentar a los niños pequeños por sus múltiples y reportados beneficios. Sin embargo, es una práctica que no siempre es de primera elección para las madres y su estímulo y apoyo por parte de los profesionales de la salud es variable. Objetivo: Comprender la experiencia vivida por madres que presentaron dificultades durante su proceso de amamantamiento. Pacientes y Método: Estudio fenomenológico realizado en centro de salud universitario, participantes 12 mujeres. Se utilizó la entrevista en profundidad, grabada con consentimiento de las participantes. Análisis fenomenológico de los datos según método de Streubert. Se cauteló el rigor del estudio a través de criterios de investigación cualitativa y del proceso de investigación. Aspectos éticos resguardados a través de proceso de consentimiento informado, confidencialidad y rigor metodológico. Resultados: La experiencia de vivir dificultades en el proceso de amamantamiento se reveló en cinco categorías comprensivas: reconociendo las dificultades con el amamantamiento; impacto emocional al no poder amamantar; motivación para superar la dificultad y pedir ayuda; apoyo en la recuperación de la lactancia; y proceso de transición desde el estrés y angustia a la tranquilidad, gratificación y empoderamiento. Conclusión: La comprensión de esta experiencia constituye evidencia cualitativa que contribuye al conocimiento integral de la situación de cada madre con su hijo, permitiendo mejorar las intervenciones de apoyo en salud. Keywords:Maternal-Child Nursing; Nursing Care; Breast Feeding; Qualitative Research AbstractIntroduction: Breastfeeding is the most beneficial feeding practice for infants. However, it is not always the first choice for mothers and their encouragement and support from health professionals is variable. Objective: To understand the experience of mothers who had difficulties with their breastfeeding process. Patients and Method: A phenomenological study was conducted in a University Health center. Twelve breastfeeding women were included. Data collection technique was in depth
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of massage on infant weight gain and exclusive maternal breast-feeding of an intervention that involved teaching mothers to massage their full-term infants. The sample included 100 healthy newborn infants who were receiving primary healthcare at 3 health centers in a low-income neighborhood of Santiago, Chile. The control group included 65 infants and the massage group included 35 infants. During their second well-child clinic visit, clinic nurses provided instruction to massage-group mothers about how to massage their infants, based on the methods of the Baby's First Massage program (http://www.babysfirstmassage.com/Scripts/default.asp). Mothers were encouraged to massage their infants for 10 to 15 minutes at least once a day, starting when their infants were 15 days old. There was no difference in the mean weights of the infants between the massage and control groups at baseline, but at age 2 months, massage group infants weighed significantly more than control-group infants. There were no weight differences between the 2 groups at age 4 months. There were no differences between the 2 groups on the incidence of exclusive maternal breast-feeding at age 2 or 4 months. The findings suggest that teaching mothers to massage their newborn infants may have a beneficial effect on the infant's early weight gain. There is a need for additional studies to evaluate the effect of maternal massage on other health and welfare outcomes for both mothers and infants.
Purpose. To know the perceptions of mothers and health professionals in relation to the care provided and received during breastfeeding at primary health care level.Methods. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted with breastfeeding mothers (10) and primary health care professionals (24). Data was gathered through indepth interviews and focus groups. Data analysis was performed through thematic content analysis. The rigor of the study was ensured by the Guba and Lincoln criteria for qualitative research. Ethical aspects were addressed through the informed consent process, confidentiality, and methodological rigor.Results. The experience of providing/receiving breastfeeding support was revealed as a dynamic, multidimensional care and support process, through three central themes: 1. Influence of previous care and support experiences during the breastfeeding process; 2. Importance of the context within which care is framed; and 3. Addressing emotions to establish trust between professionals and mothers.Conclusion. The study findings contribute to further understanding a complex phenomenon, such as breastfeeding support and care for mothers/families, from the experience of the actors involved, deepening the experiences of both in integrated manner. In addition, the relational, organizational, and contextual dimensions that influence support, and that should guide care, are also highlighted.Descriptors: breastfeeding; mothers; primary care nursing; qualitative research.How to cite this article: Lucchini-Raies C, Márquez-Doren F, Garay Unjidos N, Contreras J, Jara D, Calabacero C, et al., Care during Breastfeeding: Perceptions of Mothers and Health Professionals. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(2):e09ReferencesWorld Health Organisation. Infant and young child feeding [Internet]. 2017; (cited 03 May 2019):23–5. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs342/en/ Rosso F, Skarmeta N, Sade A. 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