This article contrasts public perceptions of suicide survivors with conclusions based on comparative studies of suicide, fatal accident survivors, and other survivors. Although suicide is commonly thought to cause a particularly burden-some grief, quantitative studies have often failed to support this. We then offer some interpretations of these findings and suggest future pathways for research.
The factors modulating the maximum secretory rate of cholic acid were investigated. Rats were infused intravenously with cholic acid in measured stepwise increasing doses (1, 2, 3, and 4 mumol X min-1 X 100 g body wt-1). Each dose was infused for 30 min and bile samples were collected every 10 min. Bile flow, bile acid, cholesterol, individual biliary phospholipids, and the fatty acid profiles of the biliary phospholipids were determined. Microsomal and bile canalicular membrane-enriched fractions were isolated from cholic acid-treated rats at the end of the experiment. Membranes were analyzed for cholesterol, phospholipid, and phospholipid fatty acid composition. During cholic acid infusion, the secretion rates of bile acid, cholesterol, phospholipid, and bile flow initially increased and then declined. No evidence of liver cell damage was observed by light or electron microscopy. Maximum phospholipid secretion rate (13.5 nmol X min-1 X g-1) occurred before peak bile flow and bile acid secretory rate maximum (4.72 microliter X min-1 X g-1 and 375 nmol X min-1 X g-1). When phospholipid output declined, the proportion of sphingomyelins and phosphatidylethanolamine relative to phosphatidylcholine increased. This was also reflected in the fatty acid composition. Cholic acid infusion caused a decline in microsomal and bile canalicular membrane phospholipid content without affecting their phospholipid composition. Depletion of membrane phospholipid resulted in an increase in the cholesterol:phospholipid ratio, which is suggested to be the underlying mechanism for modulating cholic acid secretion.
Le but de cette étude qualitative, exploratoire et rétrospective est de comprendre le processus suivi par des pairs aidants lors de leur expérience auprès d’un adolescent suicidaire. Des entrevues ont permis de recueillir des données auprès de jeunes ayant assumé ce rôle. La proposition suivante a émergé de l’analyse par théorisation ancrée : pour les jeunes, leur expérience fut perçue comme une mission héroïque, d’abord stimulante, puis confrontante et, finalement, enrichissante. Trois étapes en rendent compte. La première débute avec l’accès au statut de pair aidant et est animée de l’attitude « tout feu tout flamme » du jeune qui se donne comme mission de sauver un élève suicidaire. La seconde est marquée par une certaine désillusion après avoir considéré les faits entourant la mission et s’être engagé dans un combat pour « sauver » l’élève suicidaire. À la dernière étape, alors que la mission est complétée, une attitude de sagesse ressort lorsque le pair aidant fait la synthèse de ses victoires et de ses défaites. La grande rareté des recherches sur un sujet aussi discuté incite à recommander d’autres études.
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