This paper presents a new approach for offensive language and hate speech detection on social media. Our approach incorporate an offensive lexicon composed by implicit and explicit offensive and swearing expressions annotated with binary classes: contextdependent and context-independent offensive. Due to the severity of the hate speech and offensive comments in Brazil, and the lack of research in Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese is the language used to validate our method. However, the proposal may be applied to any other language or domain. Based on the obtained results, the proposed approach showed high performance results overcoming the current baselines for European and Brazilian Portuguese.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.