This is a historical moment of intensification of the class struggle, with expressive social conflicts, and a strong tendency towards world barbarism. This scenario is no different in Brazil, where it is possible to see regression in labor rights as capitalism expands the exploitation and alienation of work, and advances in the deterioration of labor and gains in social security. Against this backdrop, this second issue of Revista Katálysis in 2019 presents the intriguing theme Social Conflicts, Ideology, Culture, and Social Work. When reflecting on the Brazilian society, immerse in the contradictory movement of the neoliberal capitalism, it is crucial to emphasize the power of ideology in shaping culture, concealing reality, and exposing social conflicts as an expression of class antagonisms. The country has presented a high level of complexity and a wide range of regressive policies in the different fields of social life, which is demonstrated in two elements of its current historical dynamics. First, the profoundly violent processes, guided by the neoliberal ideology, disguised as "fighting" the violence itself, and "defending" moral principles of preserving family and society, under the hegemony of financial capital. Second, the processes of resistance as a historical category that is expressed by opposition movements and protest oppression, as a counterforce, as a reaction to subordination, exploitation, and humiliation posed by the capitalism that faces now a crisis observed worldwide. These two processes are at the base of the current Brazilian context. They remind us of Rosa Luxemburg's thought when, in the second phase of the imperialism's apogee she expressed, in the same way as Marx, the challenges we would have to face in the future: socialism or barbarism. According to Mészáros (2001, p. 79), Marx placed the first version of this idea "within the ultimate historical horizon of the contradictions then unfolding." For Marx, in an uncertain future, to save our existence, we would be forced to make certain choices regarding the societal order. We understand that, at this very moment, we are living the future tendency that Marx and Luxemburg predicted. Therefore, our historical moment leaves no room for conciliatory choices if we are to confront the numerous world and national problems. The issues to be addressed are many, from chronic structural unemployment to international and national social, economic, political and military conflicts, which result from the incapacity of capitalism, in its historical phase of hegemonic imperialism, of offering solutions to the contradictions of the system. For Mészáros (2001, p. 80), "only a radical alternative to the established mode of controlling social metabolic reproduction can offer a way out of capital's structural crisis," i.e., a radical socialist mass movement to build a civilized future for humanity. In this direction, ideology and culture have an active role in specific historical processes and are fundamental ontological categories intertwined with each o...
Ruy Braga é doutor em Ciências Sociais pela UniversidadeEstadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Professor livre-docente e chefedo Departamento de Sociologia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras eCiências Humanas (FFLCH) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP).Foi diretor do Centro de Estudos dos Direitos da Cidadania (Cenedic/USP). É um dos organizadores de Hegemonia às avessas: economia,política e cultura na era da servidão financeira (2010) e autor deA Política do precariado: do populismo à hegemonia lulista (2012),dentre outras produções acadêmicas com centralidade na análise dareestruturação produtiva, a mundialização do capital e a nova configuraçãodo proletariado.
Marcio Pochmann possui graduação em Economia pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e doutorado em Ciência Econômicapela Universidade Estadual de Campinas ( UNICAMP). Atualmente é Professor Livre Docente da Universidade Estadual de Campinas.Tem experiência na área de Economia, com ênfase em Politicas Sociais e do Trabalho, atuando principalmente no tema: politicas de trabalho. Autor de mais de 30 livros sobre os temas do desenvolvimento, economia do trabalhoe política social.
Aborda fundamentos do Serviço Social como uma expressão da práxis no contexto da crise contemporânea do capitalismo neoliberal na particularidade da sociedade brasileira. Busca sustentação na categoria da práxis a partir do pensamento de Marx e da tradição marxista para avançar na análise das alterações nas condições concretas dedesenvolvimento e de sustentação teórico-metodológica e ético-política do projeto profissional orientado pela perspectiva da emancipação humana. Tais condições, neste contexto, tendem para retrocessos.Palavras-chave: Serviço Social, praxis, neoliberalismo, crise contemporânea, emancipação humana.SOCIAL WORK AS AN EXPRESSION OF PRAXIS IN CONTEMPORARY CRISIS OF CAPITALISM: fundamentals and trends in BrazilAbstract: It covers fundamentals of Social Work as an expression of praxis in the context of the contemporary crisis of neoliberal capitalism in the particularity of Brazilian society. It also searches support in the category of praxis from the thought of Marx and the marxist tradition to advance the analysis of changes in the concrete conditions of developmentand support theoretical-methodological and ethical-political of the professional project driven by the human emancipation perspective. Taking this context into consideration, such conditions tend to setbacks.Keywords: Social Work, praxis, neoliberalism, contemporary crisis, human emancipation.
Aborda categorias analíticas centrais do pensamento de Gramsci e da tradição marxista (Classes Sociais, Classes subalternas, Hegemonia e transformação Social) reconstruindo-as na con< guração histórico-conceitual do objeto de estudo: Classes Sociais e Construção da Hegemonia das Classes Subalternas. Parte da premissa inspirada, fundamentalmente, na visão gramsciana: é exigência histórica do processo de transformação social a ruptura, pelas classes subalternas, com a ideologia dominante e a construção de uma concepção de mundo própria que constitui a base de ações vitais. Essa premissa se constitui eixo condutor para a reconstrução do objeto deste estudo.
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