Operator Precedence Languages are one of the most expressive classes of context-free languages that enable Model Checking. Recently, the First-Order complete Precedence Oriented Temporal Logic (POTL) has been introduced for expressing properties on models defined through Operator Precedence Automata (OPA), a variant of Pushdown Automata for OPLs; moreover, an efficient tool called Precedence Oriented Model Checker (POMC) was devised for POTL. We propose here the core algorithms of POMC for on-the-fly depth-first exploration of the search space: for OPA, a reachability algorithm; for their ω-word variant, a fair-cycle detection algorithm. We have refined the tool with a user-friendly DSL called MiniProc for expressing procedural code with exceptions. We show how the expressiveness of POMC can be used to verify programs which make use of exceptions, thus overcoming the limits of LTL-based Model Checking. We demonstrate the effectiveness of POMC through a case study.
The problem of extending model checking from finite state machines to procedural programs has fostered much research toward the definition of temporal logics for reasoning on context-free structures. The most notable of such results are temporal logics on Nested Words, such as CaRet and NWTL. Recently, Precedence Oriented Temporal Logic (POTL) has been introduced to specify and prove properties of programs coded trough an Operator Precedence Language (OPL). POTL is complete w.r.t. the FO restriction of the MSO logic previously defined as a logic fully equivalent to OPL. POTL increases NWTL’s expressive power in a perfectly parallel way as OPLs are more powerful that nested words. In this paper we produce a model checker, named POMC, for OPL programs to prove properties expressed in POTL. To the best of our knowledge POMC is the first implemented and openly available model checker for proving tree-structured properties of recursive procedural programs. We also report on the experimental evaluation we performed on POMC on a nontrivial benchmark.
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