The traditional structural design produces elements that can be improved from the point of view of the use of the material. As a way of perfecting these processes, methodologies such as BIM have emerged, which, although they fulfill their mission of creating information models through collaborative work, their form of parameterization is still limited. In this context, the generative design emerges as a way of designing by stipulating the parameters and restrictions to be met so that the code then delivers different alternative solutions. This document aims to synthesize different generative design applications in structural engineering to extend its use in civil engineering. To achieve this, a literature review, and a survey of professionals in the area were used to obtain their opinion. As a result, seven application cases were obtained, where the main use identified for generative design is the optimization of the amount of material for structural elements. Besides, most of the respondents are unaware or have little knowledge of what this process is about, although, after understanding it, they believe it can be used in their professional practice.
The notion of deformalization as one of the mechanisms introduced by Act No. 19.968 is examined to ensure the correct handling of family and childhood proceedings in Chile, valid since 2005. This initial approach aims at establishing the grounds to have a thorough definition of the concept.
El presente trabajo trata los problemas de las antinomias en el derecho procesal en relación con el principio de la buena fe adjetiva. Lo anterior, con ocasión de la reciente incorporación al ordenamiento jurídico procesal chileno de la Ley sobre Tramitación Electrónica que contiene expresamente el instituto y además menciona la posibilidad de contravenir los propios actos dentro de las figuras contrarias al principio.
La justicia de familia en Chile experimentó un cambio cardinal en 2005, al pasar de un procedimiento escrito a uno oral y desformalizado. Sin embargo, a pesar de que han transcurrido 14 años, dentro de los que se han experimentado constantes modificaciones legales, aún no se tiene un cabal entendimiento de la manera en que operan algunos institutos procesales, como la preclusión: las fronteras de las diversas etapas que suceden en las audiencias son menos visibles y suelen difuminarse a la sazón de la oralidad, lo que de alguna manera diluye su aplicación estricta. Lo anterior se detectó a través de un examen cualitativo efectuado a ciertos jueces de familia de Chile. Los resultados de esa investigación, confrontados a parámetros teóricos del instituto en referencia, son los que se dan a conocer en este estudio.
Is examined the possibility of relaxing the procedural forms. This is one of the adjectives mechanisms introduced by Law 19.968 to ensure the adequate protection of the rights of families and children in the proceedings before the Family Court. This second approach, another introductory been completed,
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