The pigments used in five important medieval illuminated manuscripts (Ms. Pal.6; Ms. Pal. 159; Ms. Pal. 212; Ms. Parm. 1650; Ms. Parm. 3063), all held in the Biblioteca Palatina in Parma (Italy), were analysed in situ by portable micro-Raman instruments supplied by Renishaw and Horiba Jobin-Yvon. In spite of a strong fluorescence background, different pigments were identified and important information on the pigment palette used in the manuscript illumination, helpful to clarify the history of the artworks, was obtained. Differences in the pigments used, suggesting late interventions, were found. In particular, an addition was identified in the Ms. Pal. 212 manuscript (Bruges -15th century), and late interventions were found in the coat of arms of Barbara of Brandenburg in her breviary (Ms. Pal. 6). A different origin for some rubrics and illumination was found in Ms. Parm. 3063, a 12th century Psalter, whereas common palettes for the different artists were confirmed for Ms. Parm. 1650 and for Ms. Pal. 159.

Total polyphenolic extracts (WE) from red wine, but neither the HMWP nor the LMWP, have some inhibitory effect on the process of colon carcinogenesis by DMH reducing the number of adenomas.

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Previous preliminary studies showed good efficacy of treatments based on a mixture of siloxane materials, functionalized with amino groups and coupled with copper, against the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana (Palanti et al. 2011). In the present work, a one-step impregnation was performed on two sets of samples differing in size, in order to verify and compare the homogeneity of treatments. Leaching and resistance against brown rot and white rot fungi were also tested according to European standards EN 84 and EN 113, respectively. Furthermore, an accelerated test of efficacy against fungal decay was also used for determining the treatment efficacy. The obtained results made it possible to validate the findings of the preliminary study concerning resistance of the treated wood against C. puteana, while extending them to the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. In contrast, no protection was conferred by the treatment against the copper-tolerant fungus Poria placenta.