We investigated the effect of various strategy-modeling techniques on the performance of both young children and elderly adults on the 20 Questions Task. In experiment I, 6-year-old children and elderly adults received training in either how to classify the stimuli, how to ask constraint-seeking questions, or how to use the information gained from the answers to their questions. Only training in how to ask constraint-seeking questions significantly facilitated performance. In experiment II, 4- to 6-year-old children and elderly adults were given training that was successful in experiment I: providing an example of a constraint-seeking question and providing the rule for generating a constraint-seeking question. Both types of training facilitated the performance of both young children and elderly adults.
Response inconsistency as an index for invalidating MMPI protocols was investigated by measuring the number of inconsistent responses given to 14 pairs of identical items by brain-damaged and nonbrain-damaged schizophrenic, alcoholic, neurotic and normal patients (n = 22 in each of the 8 groups). In addition the patient's number of inconsistent responses were correlated with the usual MMPI validity measures (?, L, F and K). Although all the response consistency scores of the groups were high it was found that the brain-damaged were more response inconsistent than the nonbrain-damaged patients (regardless of psychiatric diagnoses). The correlations between response inconsistency and the MMPI validity measures were significant but low. Because of the over-all high level of response consistency found for all the groups, it was concluded that MMPI protocol validity should be based on the validity scale measures, rather than upon response inconsistency.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.