Lateral skull cephalograms from 50 patients who subsequently had surgical correction of their Class III malocclusion were analysed using a complete linkage cluster analysis based on skull shape. Five subgroups Were identified and are described. All subjects had a degree of mandibular prognathism while only 14 per cent had maxillary retrognathism. An increased lower face height was found in 58 per cent.
This study compares the results of cephalometric analyses using manual and interactive computer graphics methods. Results are statistically in favour of the interactive computer system. This study provides a basis for ongoing research into alternative methods of cephalometric analyses. such as digitization and automatic landmark identification using sophisticated computer vision systems.
Fine-mesh hased brackets were handed to plastic cylinders using four different adhesives. Adhesive thickness was controlled using a bonding jig. The bond was then tested to failure using a shear force. Each adhesive had its own minimum thickness, probably related to its viscosity. Increasing the thickness of the adhesives to 0·26 mm, using a stainless steel spacer had minimal effect on their mean shear bond strength.
It is generally believed that studies of outcome for children with clefts of the lip and palate should be based on patients who are in their teens. This means that health care workers who look after these children would have to wait many years until the quality of treatment could be evaluated. In this study, significant differences between two centers, Oslo and Manchester, in facial form at the age of 5 years were detected. Based on cephalometric analysis, children from Manchester were more likely to have a retrognathic maxilla with the upper lip significantly behind the esthetic plane. An important future step may be the setting up of “reference centers” with a large archive of database information for each racial group. This would assist smaller centers in comparing their outcomes.
The percutaneous trephine technique uses a bone marrow biopsy needle to harvest cancellous bone graft from the anterior iliac crest. The subjects of this study were 41 patients with 47 alveolar clefts who underwent secondary bone grafting over a period of 5 years, using the above technique. The donor site morbidity was evaluated retrospectively by means of a postal questionnaire and case note survey. Patients were questioned about severity of pain, duration of pain and duration of limping. None of the patients had donor site pain or limping for more than 2 weeks. No patient had severe donor site pain. Case note surveys revealed no donor site complications of haematoma, sensory disturbance, wound breakdown or contour abnormality. In 85.10% (n=40) of the alveolar clefts where the canine tooth had reached its final position at the bone grafted site, dental radiographs were used to assess the interalveolar septal height. In 82.5% (n=33) the interalveolar septal height was more than three quarters of normal i.e. a successful result. In conclusion the percutaneous technique causes minimal donor site pain and gait disturbance. It is a simple and safe technique, easy to learn and quick to perform leaving the patient with an imperceptible donor site scar. The results of clinical and radiological assessment of the quality of the bone graft also compare favourably with the conventional open technique of harvesting iliac crest graft in cases of alveolar clefts.
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