Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of postural changes and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children and adolescents . Methods: We selected 117 individuals aged 10-18 years from a state school in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais. The students were evaluated in four stages: assessment of body weight and height and calculation of body mass index; posture evaluation using a questionnaire developed by the researchers; application of a questionnaire recommended by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain to assess TMD; and, finally, application of the Fonseca anamnesis questionnaire . Results: Of our sample, 26.36% had no TMD, 50.9% had mild TMD, 21.8% moderate TMD, and 0.9% severe TMD. Of the participants with moderate or severe TMD (30.8%), about 56% had some kind of change in head positioning. We found that 88% of the children with moderate or severe TMD had changes in the shoulders . Conclusion: The postural changes found in the head and shoulders are related to the biomechanical adaptation of the muscles of mastication and consequent changes in the TMJ. Level Of Evidence Iii, Non-Consecutive Patient Study Without Gold Reference Standard Applied Uniformly.
ResumoOs conteúdos de anatomia humana estão presentes no projeto pedagógico da graduação na área da saúde. O objetivo do projeto de extensão foi desenvolver materiais didáticos dos conteúdos de anatomia humana que auxiliem no aprendizado de estudantes do ensino superior. Os monitores de anatomia humana e neuroanatomia dos cursos de medicina e educação física elaboraram vídeo-aulas sobre os sistemas do corpo humano, que foram disponibilizados na internet para os estudantes. A inserção das vídeo-aulas no ensino de anatomia humana na graduação de medicina não alterou o rendimento acadêmico dos alunos, mas os monitores apresentaram melhor aprendizado ao desenvolverem as vídeo-aulas. Palavras-chaveAnatomia humana, Vídeo-aulas, Ensino Médio.
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