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The chemical composition of the essential oil of the needles and twigs of dwarf pine (Pinus mugo Turra) growing wild in Serbia was investigated. The oil was analysed by GC/MS and the major constituents found were δ δ δ δ δ-3-carene (23.9%), α α α α α-pinene (17.9%), β β β β β-pinene (7.8%) and β β β β β-phellandrene (7.2%).

Devil's club has been used in folk medicine by the native tribes of Alaska and British Columbia for centuries for the treatment of colds, fever, burns, stomach troubles and even tuberculosis. 4,5 ExperimentalStems and roots of O. horridus were collected from the same plant stands on 30 December 2002 near Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada, at about 200 -300 m altitude. A voucher specimen (no. V219467) was deposited at the Herbarium of the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Both oils, the one from the stem and the one from the root, were obtained by steam distillation using a low pressure system with an external steam source. The duration of each distillation was approximately 1 h.The essential oils were analysed by GC on a gas chromatograph Hewlett-Packard 5890 (FID detector) equipped with a polar Supelcowax 10 column and a nonpolar DB-5 column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm). Analyses by GC/MS were performed on a Hewlett-Packard mass spectrometer 5972 at 70 eV coupled to an HP 5890 gas chromatograph using a DB-5 and a Supelcowax 10 column (same as above). The temperature program, used for both GC and GC/MS analyses, was 40°C for 2 min, then 2°C/min to 210°C and held constant for 33 min. The identification of the components was done by comparison of their retention indices with standards and by comparison of their mass spectra with literature values 6 and with our data bank.

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