To map the state of the existing literature to identify the optimal time frame between the arrival of refugees in a host country and psychosocial assessments. We conducted scoping review using the method of Arksey and O’Malley (2005). A systematic search of 5 databases including PubMed, Psycinfo (OVID), PsycINFO BD APA, Scopus and Web of Sciences) and grey literature identified 2698 references. Thirteen studies published between 2010 and 2021 were considered eligible. A data extraction grid was designed and tested by the research team. It is not so ease to identify the most appropriate time interval to assess the mental health of newly settled refugees. All the studies selected agree on the need to carry out an initial assessment when refugees arrive in their host country. Several authors agree on the need to carry out screening at least twice during the resettlement period. However, what is less clear is the best time to perform the second screening. This scoping review mainly helped in highlighting the lack of probing data on the mental health indicators focused on during the assessment and on the optimal timeline for the assessment of refugees. Further research is needed to determine whether developmental and psychological screening is beneficial, the right time to perform the screening, and the most appropriate collection instruments and interventions.
Introduction
The identification and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among immigrants from high-incidence regions who move to low-incidence countries is generally considered an ineffective strategy because only ≈14% of them comply with the multiple steps of the ‘cascade of care’ and complete treatment. In the Estrie region of Canada, a refugee clinic was opened in 2009. One of its goals is LTBI management.
Methods
Key components of this intervention included: close collaboration with community organizations, integration within a comprehensive package of medical care for the whole family, timely delivery following arrival, shorter treatment through preferential use of rifampin, and risk-based selection of patients to be treated. Between 2009–2020, 5131 refugees were evaluated. To determine the efficacy and benefit-cost ratio of this intervention, records of refugees seen in 2010–14 (n = 1906) and 2018–19 (n = 1638) were reviewed. Cases of tuberculosis (TB) among our foreign-born population occurring before (1997–2008) and after (2009–2020) setting up the clinic were identified. All costs associated with TB or LTBI were measured.
Results
Out of 441 patients offered LTBI treatment, 374 (85%) were compliant. Adding other losses, overall compliance was 69%. To prevent one case of TB, 95.1 individuals had to be screened and 11.9 treated, at a cost of $16,056. After discounting, each case of TB averted represented $32,631, for a benefit-cost ratio of 2.03. Among nationals of the 20 countries where refugees came from, incidence of TB decreased from 68.2 (1997–2008) to 26.3 per 100,000 person-years (2009–2020). Incidence among foreign-born persons from all other countries not targeted by the intervention did not change.
Conclusions
Among refugees settling in our region, 69% completed the LTBI cascade of care, leading to a 61% reduction in TB incidence. This intervention was cost-beneficial. Current defeatism towards LTBI management among immigrants and refugees is misguided. Compliance can be enhanced through simple measures.
Bien qu’il soit difficile d’estimer avec précision les impacts socioéconomiques pour les pays, certaines études démontrent que les faits de corruption brisent le tissu social des communautés et piétinent la notion d’intérêt général en interférant dans le fonctionnement des marchés, des entreprises et des États. Devant ce « mal collectif » international, la lutte à la corruption et les efforts pour la prévenir sont devenus, depuis les années 1990, une priorité dans la réforme des pays et de leurs institutions. L’objectif principal de cet article se veut une synthèse pour guider les gestionnaires des organisations publiques et privées désirant se démêler dans les écheveaux normatifs du droit international et national canadien en matière de corruption. Nous verrons aussi quelques décisions significatives des tribunaux canadiens à ce sujet. Le droit criminel économique est un secteur du droit qui s’est considérablement modifié au fil des ans et qui subira encore des changements significatifs dans un plus ou moins bref avenir. Il est important que les gestionnaires soient au fait de cette évolution puisque ces normes peuvent avoir des impacts considérables sur la gestion et sur la gouvernance de leur organisation.
région de Québec et travaille depuis octobre 2021 comme chargé de communauté et de communication de Maison Mère à Baie-Saint-Paul, dans Charlevoix et comme cogestionnaire, de cette organisation depuis mai 2022. Plus spécifiquement, il occupe dans ce projet les fonctions de coordonnateur communauté, cotravail, location commerciale et TI. Maison Mère est l'ancien couvent de la congrégation des Petites Franciscaines de Marie, lequel a été converti en 2017 en un lieu de création et d'innovation afin de répondre aux nouveaux besoins socioéconomiques de la région de Charlevoix. La Ville de Baie-Saint-Paul est devenue propriétaire de cette vaste propriété et a créé un OBNL pour en faire la gestion. Bonjour, Monsieur Drolet. Merci d'accorder un entretien à la revue Organisations & territoires. Jonathan Drolet. Merci beaucoup de cette invitation.Monsieur Drolet, avant de parler de votre rôle de cogestionnaire du projet Maison Mère, pouvez-vous nous présenter votre parcours scolaire? J. D. Je suis politologue de formation, mais j'ai aussi un certificat en économie et un autre en développement durable. J'ai aussi suivi un micro-
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