Wireless sensor network (WSN) has become one of the most promising networking solutions with exciting new applications for the near future. Notwithstanding the resource constrain of WSNs, it has continued to enjoy widespread deployment. Security in WSN, however, remains an ongoing research trend as the deployed sensor nodes (SNs) are susceptible to various security challenges due to its architecture, hostile deployment environment and insecure routing protocols. In this work, we propose a feature selection method by combining three filter methods; Gain ratio, Chi-squared and ReliefF (triple-filter) in a cluster-based heterogeneous WSN prior to classification. This will increase the classification accuracy and reduce system complexity by extracting 14 important features from the 41 original features in the dataset. An intrusion detection benchmark dataset, NSL-KDD, is used for performance evaluation by considering detection rate, accuracy and the false alarm rate. Results obtained show that our proposed method can effectively reduce the number of features with a high classification accuracy and detection rate in comparison with other filter methods. In addition, this proposed feature selection method tends to reduce the total energy consumed by SNs during intrusion detection as compared with other filter selection methods, thereby extending the network lifetime and functionality for a reasonable period.
Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is one of the main technologies for the next generation wireless networking because of the positive impact it poses over other wireless networks having undergone rapid progress, which has inspired many applications. However, providing quality of service (QoS) assurance to MANET is hard because of the unpredictable nature of the wireless medium, contention problem amongst the channel, mobility problem and lack of central coordinator. Admission control is therefore seen as one of the methods for providing QoS. Admission control aim at estimating the network resource states and decides whether to admit a session without assuring more resources bandwidth space than what is available, to avoid the violation of any rules that has been previously made. Some recent solution considered the MAC layer back-off impact due to collision as well as the non-synchronization between the sender and receiver when estimating the available bandwidth. None of the previous work proposed a technique that sends a HELLO packet to its one-hop neighbours which further aggregates to the rest of the nodes to retrieve the available bandwidth on a carrier sensing region, in order to limit the impact of additional overhead of the carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA). Also, none of the existing solution has properly addressed the channel idle time dependency between the sending node and the receiving node by differentiating the BUSY state from the SENSE BUSY states and the IDLE state caused by an empty queue. This paper, therefore reviews the bandwidth estimation techniques for admission control for MANET. The bandwidth estimation techniques for admission control have been categorized into two, active and passive estimation. An outline of each technique has been discussed as well as the proposed conceptual framework. The contribution as identified in this research work is the proposal of conceptual framework that adapts the following into the bandwidth estimation for admission control in MANET: (i) HELLO packet advertisement to one hop which further aggregates to retrieve the available bandwidth on the carrier sensing region, (ii) Considering the channel idle time measurement by differentiating the channel busy state from channel sensing state and regarding an empty queue as an idle state. Future research directions are also outlined.
The widespread of wireless mobile network have increased the demand for its applications. Providing a reliable QoS in wireless medium, especially mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), is quite challenging and remains an ongoing research trend. One of the key issues of MANET is its inability to accurately predict the needed and available resources to avoid interference with already transmitting traffic flow. In this work, we propose a resource allocation and admission control (RAAC) solution. RAAC is an admission control scheme that estimates the available bandwidth needed within a network, using a robust and accurate resource estimation technique. Simulation results obtained show that our proposed scheme for MANET can efficiently estimate the available bandwidth and outperforms other existing approaches for admission control with bandwidth estimation.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) over the years have emerged as the enabling underlining infrastructure for new wireless technology trends such as Internet-of Things (IoT) and Fog Computing. Its application spread across diverse fields such as agriculture, military, healthcare and home automation. Despite its promising attributes, it is characterized by its extremely limited resources such as battery energy and memory. Additionally, its deployment in hostile and unattended areas make it vulnerable to security attacks. One of such attacks is the denial of service (DoS) jamming attack that is perpetrated by malicious nodes emitting radio frequency signals to disrupt and interfere with the normal functions of the sensor nodes in the network. This eventually causes a denial of service in the network. Different routing protocols have been proposed over the years to guarantee reliable communication and maintain the network lifetime and functionality for a reasonable duration, notwithstanding DoS jamming attack. Therefore, in this work, we evaluate the effect of a constant jamming DoS attack on two key reactive routing protocols in WSN, ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) and dynamic source routing (DSR). Metrics such as packet sending ratio (PSR), packet loss (PL) and transmitted packets are used to measure the impact of constant jamming DoS attack in the network. Simulation results using network simulation 2 (NS2) and trace graph show that, irrespective of the adopted reactive routing protocol, the impact of the jamming attack is the same.
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