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Previous molecular phylogenetic studies of Pelargonium have remained inconclusive with respect to branching patterns of major infrageneric lineages, with the exception of a basalmost generic split that reflects chromosome length differences. Because of this and the lack of clearly distinguishing morphological characters, no subgeneric classification has been undertaken so far. Here, we present increased phylogenetic signal using chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer and trnL-F sequences including additional taxa (110 taxa in total) and character sampling. All analyses confirmed the previously recognised first split into two clades characterised by chromosome size, and also converged on four major clades (two within each chromosome size group). The four major clades are further supported by synapomorphic length mutations from both intergenic spacers. The evolution of characters from flower morphology and phenolic constituents was examined for usefulness for clade delimitation. Although character state distributions did not generally reveal clear synapomorphies for the respective lineages, differences in state distributions of floral characters and leaf phenols support the circumscription of these major clades. In particular, nectar guides and petal-ratios indicate character state shifts among clades. The leaf flavonoids, myricetin and prodelphinidin, exhibit differing evolutionary trends in Pelargonium species with small chromosomes. In summary, all results favour the recognition of four, morphologically diagnosable, lineages as subgenera and support a revised subgeneric classification of Pelargonium. In addition, a new section (stat. nov.) including two subsections (comb. nov.) is segregated from an otherwise paraphyletic section Polyactium.

Summary Liede, S. & Albers, F.: Tribal disposition of genera in the Asclepiadaceae. – Taxon 43: 201‐231 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262. Tribal affiliations for all generic names in the Asclepiadaceae are given. Homotypic synonymy is pointed out.

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Abstract. The phylogeny of Monsonia L. (Geraniaceae) is examined. Analysis of nrDNA ITS and trnL (UAA) 5'exon-trnF (GAA) chloroplast DNA sequence data of 26 Monsonia and two outgroup Pelargonium species, suggests monophyly for the genus including the former genus Sarcocaulon (DC.) Sweet. The species of Monsonia sect. Sarcocaulon resolve as two subclades (ITS cladogram 80% and trnL-F cladogram 96%) and two additional species in an unresolved basal polytomy, in a clade with species of the sect. Olopetalum and M. senegalensis. All these species share the basic chromosome number x = 11. The remaining species have derived karyotypes of x = 12, 10, 9 or 8. Chromosome sizes vary considerably between the species, and polyploids are rare. The current infrageneric classification is discussed.

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(Rutales'> etude taxonornique, palynologique et systematique ['Tht. Cneomc i. ., a taxonomic, palynological and systematic study].-Gram 17: 125-139, 1978. Uppsala 30 November 1978. hlorphological, caryological, anatomical, embryological, phytochemical, serological and palynological characters suggest a separation of the two genera Cneoriirn and Neochnninelen (Cneoraceae) from each other. The family is best placed in the Rutales. The ultn'structure of the exine is similar in the two genera while the exine Ornamentation differs. The pollen morphology resembles that of the Rutaceae and the Simaroubaceae and gives further support to the idea of including the family in the order Rutales. Aprks avoir revu I'ensemble des caractkres rnorphologiqucs, anatomiques, caryologiques, embryologiques, phytochimiques, serdogiques et palynologiques les auteurs concluent ii la necessite de separer les deux genres Cneoriim et Neochnriiuelea et de rattacher la famille aux Rutales. Par I'itude detaillie des caractkres du pollen, ils montrent Cgalernent que I'ultrastructure de I'exine est identique dans les deux genres, bien que I'ornementation et le nornbre des apertures soient diffirents. Le type pollinique des Cneoraceae est comparable ii celui des Rutaceae, Simaroubaceae et vient etayer I'opinion friquemrnent admise que la farnille appartient 5 I'ordre des Rutales.