Aims: Metabolic complications related to antiretroviral therapy are rarely investigated among HIV-infected patients in Cameroon. The study reports the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components among HIV-infected Cameroonians. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 492 patients (338 women, 117 men; age range 20 years) recruited at a reference centre, the day hospital, Central Hospital in Yaounde between September 2009 and September 2010. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to IDF (International Diabetes Federation) and NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) criteria relative to obesity, glycemic, lipid, arterial blood pressure parameters. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 32.8% according to IDF and 30.7% by NCEP (p = 0.0001). The prevalences of individual components according to IDF and NCEP were as follows: abdominal obesity (40.5%; 26.9% respectively), hypertriglyceridemia (55.5%), low HDL cholesterol (42.5%), systolic hypertension (38.2%) diastolic hypertension (28.5%), hyperglycemia (31.2%; 1.3% p = 0.0001). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 36% in patients under HAART, 23.4% in naive, (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome depends on the presence and the type of HAART used, the definition and the gender.
Introduction Beilschmiedia (Lauraceae) is a pantropical genus of about 287 species, distributed in tropical Asia and Africa used in traditional medicines to cure many diseases. This study aimed to explore biological properties of Beilschmiedia obscura ( B. obscura ) on the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) features induced by High Fat/High Sucrose (HF/HS) diet in rats as therapeutic option. Methods MetS was induced after administration of HF/HS diet followed by administration of B. Obscura powder at 5% or 10% for 21 days, while the control group received a chow diet and distilled water and the positive control group received the HF/HS diet and distilled water. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed; the parameters of lipid profile, markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant status were evaluated. Results HF/HS diet successfully induced weight gain, oxidative stress and lipid profile disorders from rats. Treatment with powder of B. obscura at 10% than the 5% showed a reduction of body weight in treated groups and, anti-hyperlipidemic effect by improving lipid profile parameters. Triglycerides, Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels were lower (p<0.05) and HDL-cholesterol levels higher in the treated groups compared to positive control. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and improvement protein thiols levels and catalase activity were also observed in treated groups. Conclusion This study revealed that B. obscura whole plant was efficient in reducing biomarkers involved in metabolic syndrome and could efficiently help in its management by preventive effect.
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