10 ionic liquids based on 3 different cations and 5 anions were investigated for radionuclide extraction from aqueous solutions. While uranium and 210 Po were extracted with satisfying yields irrespective of the feed solution pH, 234 Th, 226 Ra and 210 Pb extraction yields were rather low. The contact time necessary for near to complete extraction was determined as well as the conditions for successful back-extraction. The loading capacities of the ionic liquids for uranium were very high and depended on the uranyl counter-ion. From the leaching of the ionic liquids into the aqueous phase the predominant extraction mechanisms were derived.
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